Print
Word
PDF
|
| Name: _________________________ | Period: ___________________ |
This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.
Short Answer Questions
1. In his dialogue "D'Alembert's Dream," Diderot brought together the ideas of all of the following individuals except for whom?
2. Who called natural history the "great root and mother" of all the sciences and made it the indispensable prelude to his experimental philosophy in Chapter 5?
3. The ________ greatly increased the demand for certain chemical products, such as alkalis and mineral acids, and the search for improved methods of manufacture resulted in new chemical techniques in metallurgy, ceramics, and textiles, especially in textile dyeing and bleaching.
4. Chapter 5 states that the property of "irritability" had first been recognized by ________, who used it to explain why the gall bladder does not discharge bile into the intestines constantly but only when bile is needed.
5. Chapter 5 states that ________ means an inquiry or investigation into nature.
Short Essay Questions
1. Discuss Regnier de Graaf's experiments on digestive fluids.
2. What was the "Encyclopedie"?
3. Briefly explain John Mayow's experiment with a vacuum pump as described in chapter 4.
4. Discuss natural history's rebirth in the late seventeenth century.
5. Explain the importance of electricity producing muscle contractions.
6. What were the four fragments of knowledge that probably contributed to Lavoisier's inspiration to research combustion?
7. Briefly discuss Georg Stahl and his impact on living matter.
8. Briefly discuss Jean Senebier's interpretation of Ingen-Housz's explanation of how plants produced oxygen.
9. Describe the three primary kinds of governments Montesquieu distinguished between in Chapter 6.
10. What were the three main ingredients of the Chemical Revolution?
Essay Topics
Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:
Essay Topic 1
Compare and contrast positional astronomy to physical astronomy.
Essay Topic 2
Explain the difference between the ideology of the Enlightenment and Aristotelian theories of science.
Essay Topic 3
Explain the early history of electricity as detailed in Chapter 3 of "Science and the Enlightenment."
|
This section contains 787 words (approx. 3 pages at 300 words per page) |
|
