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| Name: _________________________ | Period: ___________________ |
This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.
Short Answer Questions
1. Joseph Pitton de Tournefort, Antoine de Jussieu, and Carl Linnaeus were considered ________, according to the narrator in Chapter 5.
2. Harvey followed the Aristotelian notion that the embryo began as a homogeneous mass and that the organs formed one after another from this homogeneous substance in a process called ________.
3. The narrator explains in Chapter 4 that the most popular textbooks in France during the first half of the eighteenth century were those of ________ and ________.
4. Natural theology in England continued well into the nineteenth century, where it finally encountered its nemesis in ________, according to the narrator in Chapter 5.
5. What was Diderot's first philosophical work, according to the narrator in Chapter 5?
Short Essay Questions
1. Describe the three primary kinds of governments Montesquieu distinguished between in Chapter 6.
2. Explain how probability as human judgment was important in law and in commercial transactions.
3. Discuss the rise of experimental physiology in the 1740s.
4. Explain the importance of electricity producing muscle contractions.
5. Discuss Turgot's version of the science of man.
6. Briefly explain Joseph Black as described in Chapter 4.
7. Discuss Montesquieu's fourteenth book of the "Spirit of the Laws."
8. What was the medical purpose of Black's research in gas chemistry? Explain.
9. Explain why the Chemical Revolution was more the creation of a new science than a change in an existing one.
10. What did Descartes conclude about mechanical philosophy and the study of life?
Essay Topics
Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:
Essay Topic 1
Compare and contrast positional astronomy to physical astronomy.
Essay Topic 2
Thoroughly explain why Newton was so important to the Enlightenment.
Essay Topic 3
Explain how subtle fluids effect electricity as discussed in Chapter 3 of "Science and the Enlightenment."
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This section contains 748 words (approx. 3 pages at 300 words per page) |
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