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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.
Short Answer Questions
1. What was Diderot's first philosophical work, according to the narrator in Chapter 5?
2. Who concluded in Chapter 6 that "where experiments {from cautious observations of human life} are judiciously collected and compared, we may hope to establish on them a science, which will not be inferior in certainty, and will be much superior in utility to any other of human comprehension"?
3. Who wrote in Chapter 6, "The first man who, having enclosed a piece of land, thought of saying, 'This is mine,' and found people simple enough to believe him, was the true founder of civil society"?
4. According to the narrator in Chapter 6, societies modeled after the Royal Society were founded at the following locations, except for which one?
5. D'Alembert, in 1754, through the machinations of his powerful patroness, the ________, became part of the literary French Academy.
Short Essay Questions
1. What were a couple ways to promote the science of man according to Chapter 6?
2. Briefly discuss Du Pont de Nemours as described in Chapter 6.
3. What is natural history? What does natural mean in the Aristotelian sense?
4. Explain why the Chemical Revolution was more the creation of a new science than a change in an existing one.
5. Discuss the three social classes in France as described in Chapter 6.
6. Discuss natural history's rebirth in the late seventeenth century.
7. What two other academic chores brought the problem of combustion to Lavoisier's attention?
8. What were the four fragments of knowledge that probably contributed to Lavoisier's inspiration to research combustion?
9. What were the three main ingredients of the Chemical Revolution?
10. Discuss Regnier de Graaf's experiments on digestive fluids.
Essay Topics
Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:
Essay Topic 1
Explain the role literature played in the science field, as detailed in Chapter 1 of "Science and the Enlightenment."
Essay Topic 2
Compare and contrast the mechanical and vital explanations of natural phenomena, especially motion.
Essay Topic 3
Explain the difference between the ideology of the Enlightenment and Aristotelian theories of science.
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This section contains 881 words (approx. 3 pages at 300 words per page) |
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