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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.
Short Answer Questions
1. The narrator explained in Chapter 4 that there was very little in Lavoisier's activities prior to 1772 that revealed any interest in ________.
2. Who called natural history the "great root and mother" of all the sciences and made it the indispensable prelude to his experimental philosophy in Chapter 5?
3. Lavoisier, along with the chemists Macquer, Cadet, and Brisson, performed experiments on ________ at the highest temperature available.
4. Early in the seventeenth century ________ urged the creation of a great dictionary that would bring together in an orderly fashion all of the practical knowledge that was known only to craftsmen in their respective trades.
5. Chapter 6 explains ________ requires a science of man that uses methods comparable to those of the physical sciences.
Short Essay Questions
1. Explain the importance of electricity producing muscle contractions.
2. Discuss Abraham Trembley's discovery of generation.
3. Briefly explain John Mayow's experiment with a vacuum pump as described in chapter 4.
4. Briefly discuss Jean Senebier's interpretation of Ingen-Housz's explanation of how plants produced oxygen.
5. What two other academic chores brought the problem of combustion to Lavoisier's attention?
6. Briefly discuss the two great national academies that were the models on which the new academies of the eighteenth century were founded.
7. Discuss Regnier de Graaf's experiments on digestive fluids.
8. In what ways was the theory of epigenesis sophisticated?
9. What were the four fragments of knowledge that probably contributed to Lavoisier's inspiration to research combustion?
10. What were the three main ingredients of the Chemical Revolution?
Essay Topics
Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:
Essay Topic 1
Compare and contrast "reason" vs. "nature" as discussed in Chapter 1 of "Science and the Enlightenment."
Essay Topic 2
Describe in great detail Montesquieu's Spirit of the Laws. Do you support Montesquieu's proposition? Why or why not?
Essay Topic 3
Explain Lavoisier's rationalization of chemistry. Do you support Lavoisier's rationalization? Why or why not?
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This section contains 836 words (approx. 3 pages at 300 words per page) |
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