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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.
Short Answer Questions
1. In 1757, thirty years after Hales described his experiments with ________, Joseph Black discovered the phenomenon of ________.
2. In Chapter 5, who adopted a theory of generation similar to that of Maupertuis and in his second volume of his "Natural History," he brought forward his theory of organic molecules, interior mold, and penetrating force?
3. The science of man took several very different directions during the Enlightenment, the most controversial being that of ________.
4. Who argued in Chapter 6 that although men did not enjoy equal abilities, they did have the same natural rights, and it was therefore incumbent on the government to allow individuals to pursue their own best interests to the extent that they could without infringing on the natural rights of others?
5. In Chapter 4, who found that many liquids cooled on evaporation: the more volatile the liquid, the greater the amount of cooling?
Short Essay Questions
1. Explain why the Chemical Revolution was more the creation of a new science than a change in an existing one.
2. Explain the common property air and fire both shared.
3. Discuss the rise of experimental physiology in the 1740s.
4. Discuss Regnier de Graaf's experiments on digestive fluids.
5. What was Turgot's theory of expansibility?
6. Describe the three primary kinds of governments Montesquieu distinguished between in Chapter 6.
7. What did Descartes conclude about mechanical philosophy and the study of life?
8. Explain how probability as human judgment was important in law and in commercial transactions.
9. Discuss Abraham Trembley's discovery of generation.
10. Discuss natural history's rebirth in the late seventeenth century.
Essay Topics
Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:
Essay Topic 1
Explain the motion along a curve theory and its relevance to the Enlightenment.
Essay Topic 2
Explain how heat and temperature are related and how the discovery of both impacted the Enlightenment.
Essay Topic 3
Identify, analyze, and discuss the perspective in which "Science and the Enlightenment" was written.
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This section contains 826 words (approx. 3 pages at 300 words per page) |
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