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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.
Short Answer Questions
1. In Chapter 4, who found that many liquids cooled on evaporation: the more volatile the liquid, the greater the amount of cooling?
2. In Chapter 4, Turgot concluded from the experiments of ________ and ________ on evaporation in a vacuum that extensibility was a property not only of air but of all substances in a vaporous state.
3. According to the narrator at the beginning of Chapter 5, this chapter is about the world of living things and could be called ________, except as a word and as a discipline, it did not appear until the very end of the eighteenth century.
4. Who saw his physiology as an animata anatome, an experimental science that investigated and explained the special properties and functions of living matter without going beyond the information obtained from the senses?
5. Robert Whytt and Charles Aston studied the properties of ________ and ________ according, to the narrator in Chapter 4.
Short Essay Questions
1. Briefly explain Joseph Priestley and his contribution to gas chemistry.
2. What were the three main ingredients of the Chemical Revolution?
3. What did Descartes conclude about mechanical philosophy and the study of life?
4. Discuss Abraham Trembley's discovery of generation.
5. Explain why the Chemical Revolution was more the creation of a new science than a change in an existing one.
6. Discuss the three social classes in France as described in Chapter 6.
7. Explain the common property air and fire both shared.
8. What was the medical purpose of Black's research in gas chemistry? Explain.
9. What were the four fragments of knowledge that probably contributed to Lavoisier's inspiration to research combustion?
10. Discuss Turgot's version of the science of man.
Essay Topics
Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:
Essay Topic 1
Compare and contrast the mechanical and vital explanations of natural phenomena, especially motion.
Essay Topic 2
Present arguments for and against Benjamin Franklin's one-fluid theory and its impact on the Enlightenment.
Essay Topic 3
Identify, analyze, and discuss the two sensational new discoveries in generation that coincided with the change in physiological theories as detailed in Chapter 5 of "Science and the Enlightenment."
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This section contains 863 words (approx. 3 pages at 300 words per page) |
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