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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.
Short Answer Questions
1. Who had written a preface to the second edition of the "Principia," supposedly with Newton's blessing, that described gravity as a force acting at a distance without any intervening medium?
2. According to Chapter 1, the noble Houyhnhnm in Jonathan Swift's ________ "thought Nature and Reason were sufficient guides for a reasonable animal, as we pretended to be, in showing us what we ought to do, and what to avoid."
3. Who carried rational mechanics to the highest point of generality and abstraction that it was to reach during the Enlightenment?
4. From ________'s law of falling bodies, it was known that the heights would be proportional to the squares of the velocities at impact.
5. The narrator reveals that vis viva was a measure of ________ to conserve his creation while "action" was a measure of his efficiency.
Short Essay Questions
1. Discuss the ideology of the Enlightenment on natural philosophers. Who was France's main natural philosopher? Explain.
2. What were the two necessary ingredients for the improvement of astronomical tables? Explain.
3. Discuss the product of the Philosophical Letters.
4. How did the eighteenth century define analysis? Explain.
5. Discuss the electrical experiments of Benjamin Franklin, Stephen Gray and Abbe Jean Antoine Nollet.
6. Discuss Charles Francois de Cisternai Dufay and his impact in electrical science.
7. What did Leibniz argue in regards to the mechanical philosophy of the Enlightenment?
8. Who coined the term "Scientific Revolution" and who was this person? What was the Scientific Revolution?
9. Describe Gabrielle de Breteuil.
10. Who redefined physics in the 1720s? Explain.
Essay Topics
Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:
Essay Topic 1
Thoroughly explain why Newton was so important to the Enlightenment.
Essay Topic 2
Explain the early history of electricity as detailed in Chapter 3 of "Science and the Enlightenment."
Essay Topic 3
Discuss natural history's impact on the field of physiology as detailed in Chapter 5 of "Science and the Enlightenment."
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This section contains 830 words (approx. 3 pages at 300 words per page) |
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