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| Name: _________________________ | Period: ___________________ |
This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.
Short Answer Questions
1. According to the narrator in Chapter 2, the only machine employed by rational mechanics was ________.
2. What was the name of the philosopher who carried out the following experiments: kite, electric spider, and lightning bells to study electricity?
3. Who came out in support of vis viva in 1722 and concluded that "what was before only a dispute of words now becomes a dispute about real things"?
4. Chapter 1 states that in 1700, ________ first talked about an "almost complete revolution in geometry" that had begun with the analytic geometry of Descartes.
5. Who was France's greatest hero of the Enlightenment partly because he was from England, the source of free thought and liberty and partly because he had solved the riddle of the planets, showing that their motions obeyed the same laws as motions on earth?
Short Essay Questions
1. Explain why Newton's laws were not adequate to deal with all of the mechanical phenomena studied during the Enlightenment.
2. Discuss the periodic fluctuation Bradley found in 1748.
3. Discuss the product of the Philosophical Letters.
4. Discuss the two concepts that were studied in rational mechanics during the Enlightenment.
5. What advantage did natural philosophy have over other literary pursuits? Explain.
6. Explain how the laws of nature were to be discovered by experimentation and observation.
7. What prompted the versions of the mechanical philosophy in the seventeenth century? Give an example.
8. Briefly discuss the origin of subtle fluid as discuss in Chapter 3 of "Science and the Enlightenment."
9. Discuss Christian Wolff's book "Generally useful researches for attaining to a more exact knowledge of nature and the arts."
10. Who redefined physics in the 1720s? Explain.
Essay Topics
Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:
Essay Topic 1
Explain the motion along a curve theory and its relevance to the Enlightenment.
Essay Topic 2
Compare and contrast positional astronomy to physical astronomy.
Essay Topic 3
Explain the role literature played in the science field, as detailed in Chapter 1 of "Science and the Enlightenment."
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This section contains 788 words (approx. 3 pages at 300 words per page) |
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