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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 6, The Moral Sciences.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In his dialogue "D'Alembert's Dream," Diderot brought together the ideas of all of the following individuals except for whom?
(a) Buffon.
(b) Trembley.
(c) Toland.
(d) Maupertuis.

2. According to the narrator in Chapter 1, who was one of the originators of the mechanical philosophy who believed there were no forces or powers in matter?
(a) Leibniz.
(b) Descartes.
(c) Bernoulli.
(d) Carnot.

3. By what name did natural philosophers want to be known as, according to the narrator in Chapter 1?
(a) Men of Honor.
(b) Men of Letters.
(c) Masters.
(d) Professors.

4. In the early years of the Enlightenment, the strongest support on the Continent for Newton's philosophy came from ________.
(a) Germany.
(b) Holland.
(c) America.
(d) Italy.

5. According to the narrator in Chapter 6, the ________ philosophers found their principles in a special human sentiment or intuitive sociability.
(a) Irish.
(b) Scottish.
(c) American.
(d) French.

Short Answer Questions

1. As a mathematician and rigorous metaphysician, ________ believed that the universe in all past, present, and future states followed a "preestablished harmony" laid down by God at the time of creation.

2. D'Alembert, in 1754, through the machinations of his powerful patroness, the ________, became part of the literary French Academy.

3. According to Chapter 2, for Newton, ________ consisted in "making experiments and observations and in drawing general Conclusion from them by Induction."

4. In Chapter 3, who proposed a single static electrical "atmosphere" that attracted and repelled by pressure rather than by the impact of an electrical wind?

5. Who claimed a community of atheists could live a completely moral existence, according to Chapter 1 of the book "Science and the Enlightenment"?

(see the answer key)

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