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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 5, Natural History and Physiology.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The "Philosophical Letters" was a product of Voltaire's visit to ________ according to Chapter 2.
(a) England.
(b) Africa.
(c) America.
(d) Germany.

2. The crucial realization of the Chemical Revolution was that ________ was not a single element but a physical state that many chemical substances could assume, according to Chapter 4.
(a) Air.
(b) Fire.
(c) Wind.
(d) Earth.

3. In Chapter 1, who claimed that his "principle of least action" proved the existence of God?
(a) Leibniz.
(b) Newton.
(c) Pierre-Louis-Moreau de Maupertuis.
(d) Malebranche.

4. Who claimed a community of atheists could live a completely moral existence, according to Chapter 1 of the book "Science and the Enlightenment"?
(a) Varignon.
(b) Kant.
(c) Pierre Bayle.
(d) L'Hopital.

5. Robert Whytt and Charles Aston studied the properties of ________ and ________ according, to the narrator in Chapter 4.
(a) Lemonlime / electrical heat.
(b) Quicklime / limewater.
(c) Magnesium citrate / quicklime.
(d) Boiling water / freezing water.

Short Answer Questions

1. Haller carried out his famous investigations into the sensibility and irritability of __________, according to Chapter 5.

2. According to Chapter 2, for Newton, ________ consisted in "making experiments and observations and in drawing general Conclusion from them by Induction."

3. The narrator reveals that Lavoisier heated water gently for ________days in a "pelican," an apparatus for constant distillation in which the water evaporates, then condenses, and finally runs back to be evaporated again.

4. The influx of German texts coincided with the revival of French chemistry under ________, who began his famous chemical lectures at the Jardin de Roi in 1742.

5. Acknowledging the existence of the gaseous states was a prerequisite for explaining combustion, the central problem of the ________, according to the narrator in chapter 4.

(see the answer key)

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