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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 5, Natural History and Physiology.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The narrator explains in Chapter 4 that the most popular textbooks in France during the first half of the eighteenth century were those of ________ and ________.
(a) Roi / Lavoisier.
(b) Boerhaave / Lemery.
(c) Stahl / Marggraf / Rouelle.
(d) Cullen / Black.

2. Chapter 5 states that the property of "irritability" had first been recognized by ________, who used it to explain why the gall bladder does not discharge bile into the intestines constantly but only when bile is needed.
(a) Haller.
(b) Glisson.
(c) Hoffmann.
(d) Bordue.

3. What was the name of the philosopher who carried out the following experiments: kite, electric spider, and lightning bells to study electricity?
(a) Stephen Gray.
(b) Benjamin Franklin.
(c) Abbe Jean Antoine Nollet.
(d) The Jesuits.

4. Haller carried out his famous investigations into the sensibility and irritability of __________, according to Chapter 5.
(a) Animal tissue.
(b) Water.
(c) Plant tissue.
(d) Human tissue.

5. Chapter 2 states that ________ had been created to deal with the problem of motion and that the new mathematical techniques discovered in the eighteenth century were all responses to the challenges of mechanics.
(a) Arithmetic.
(b) Statistics.
(c) Geometry.
(d) Calculus.

Short Answer Questions

1. Before 1740, the standard authorities in physiology were all of the following individuals except for whom?

2. Which German metaphysician, when asked in 1785 if he believed he lived in an enlightened age, answered, "No, we are living in an age of enlightenment."

3. As a mathematician and rigorous metaphysician, ________ believed that the universe in all past, present, and future states followed a "preestablished harmony" laid down by God at the time of creation.

4. The "Philosophical Letters" was a product of Voltaire's visit to ________ according to Chapter 2.

5. In Chapter 5, who wrote, "We may conclude that the organs of the body have not always existed, but have been formed successively - no matter how this formation has been brought about"?

(see the answer key)

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