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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 5, Natural History and Physiology.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Beginning in 1760, all of the following individuals were considered the three best experimentalists of the century who were all drawn to the ovist version of the preformation theory except for which one?
(a) Bonnet.
(b) Spallanzani.
(c) Needham.
(d) Haller.

2. Who made the first extensive series of investigations of electricity in his book "De Magnete," according to Chapter 3?
(a) John Cuthbertson.
(b) Robert Symmer.
(c) William Gilbert.
(d) Abbe Nollet.

3. In Chapter 5, Ingen-Housz was able to show in his "Experiments on Vegetables" that it was ________ not ________, that was essential for the production of oxygen by the leaves.
(a) Fertilizer / water.
(b) Sunlight / heat.
(c) Sunlight / air.
(d) Heat / fertilizer.

4. What was the name of the path by which an object slides from one point to another that is not on the same vertical line in the shortest possible time?
(a) Tractrix.
(b) Catenary.
(c) Brachistachrone.
(d) Involute.

5. All of the following English philosophers had shown convincingly that knowledge about the physical world could not be obtained from first principles without resort to experiment except for whom?
(a) Bacon.
(b) Newton.
(c) Locke.
(d) Boyle.

Short Answer Questions

1. In Chapter 4, Turgot concluded from the experiments of ________ and ________ on evaporation in a vacuum that extensibility was a property not only of air but of all substances in a vaporous state.

2. In Chapter 5, who analyzed the mechanics of the muscles and skeleton of the human body and tried to explain muscular contraction as a hydraulic or mechanical inflation of the tissue?

3. Newton had not made it clear whether the forces acting between the planets and between the parts of matter acted at a distance or through some intervening medium called a(n) ________.

4. What was the name of the priest of the Congregation of the Oratory, who was also a philosopher, mathematician, and member of the French Academy of Sciences?

5. The "Philosophical Letters" was a product of Voltaire's visit to ________ according to Chapter 2.

(see the answer key)

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