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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 5, Natural History and Physiology.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The eighteenth century was called by the French the ________ because of its emphasis on reason as a path to knowledge.
(a) Century of science.
(b) Century of reason.
(c) Century of life.
(d) Century of light.

2. In Chapter 3, who proposed a single static electrical "atmosphere" that attracted and repelled by pressure rather than by the impact of an electrical wind?
(a) Desagulier.
(b) Franklin.
(c) Newton.
(d) Musschenbroek.

3. What was the name of the philosopher who carried out the following experiments: kite, electric spider, and lightning bells to study electricity?
(a) Abbe Jean Antoine Nollet.
(b) The Jesuits.
(c) Benjamin Franklin.
(d) Stephen Gray.

4. According to the narrator in Chapter 3, Abbe Nollet, who became the most prominent ________ during the Enlightenment, explained the two electricities as opposing currents of the electrical fluid emerging in jets from the electrified body.
(a) German psychologist.
(b) American plumber.
(c) French electrician.
(d) Polish priest.

5. The narrator explains in Chapter 4 that the most popular textbooks in France during the first half of the eighteenth century were those of ________ and ________.
(a) Roi / Lavoisier.
(b) Boerhaave / Lemery.
(c) Stahl / Marggraf / Rouelle.
(d) Cullen / Black.

Short Answer Questions

1. ________, "curator of experiments" at the Royal Society, began research on the luminosity of phosphorus in 1705, under instruction from members of the society.

2. In 1769, ________, a student of Joseph Black's at Glasgow, measured the repulsion between charges with an apparatus that balanced the electrical repulsion against gravitational attraction.

3. The narrator reveals that mathematicians pursued ________, in which the physical object was reduced to a few idealized properties that were capable of quantification.

4. According to Chapter 1, the noble Houyhnhnm in Jonathan Swift's ________ "thought Nature and Reason were sufficient guides for a reasonable animal, as we pretended to be, in showing us what we ought to do, and what to avoid."

5. Chapter 5 reveals that in ________, natural theology declined after 1750 as a result of the anti-religious sentiment of the Enlightenment.

(see the answer key)

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