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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 1, The Character of the Enlightenment.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What was the name of the revolution that was a cultural event associated with Galileo Galilei, Johannes Kepler, Rene Descartes, and Isaac Newton?
(a) French Revolution.
(b) Scientific Revolution.
(c) American Revolution.
(d) Enlightenment Revolution.

2. The eighteenth century was called by the French the ________ because of its emphasis on reason as a path to knowledge.
(a) Century of life.
(b) Century of light.
(c) Century of reason.
(d) Century of science.

3. What area of study in the Middle Ages had been the domain of those truths that could be found through the use of reason alone without the revelation of the Bible?
(a) Psychology.
(b) Natural theology.
(c) Physiology.
(d) Mied mathematics.

4. In the preface to his "Histoire" of the Paris Academy of Science, who argued in 1699 that the new "geometric spirit" could also improve works on politics, morals, literary criticism, and even public speaking?
(a) Fontenelle.
(b) Leibniz.
(c) Varignon.
(d) Newton.

5. Throughout the Enlightenment, reason was usually extolled in the same breath with ________, the other key word of the Enlightenment.
(a) Science.
(b) Nature.
(c) Nuture.
(d) Religion.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who was France's greatest hero of the Enlightenment partly because he was from England, the source of free thought and liberty and partly because he had solved the riddle of the planets, showing that their motions obeyed the same laws as motions on earth?

2. In the hands of ________, history led not to an understanding of God's will but rather to an understanding of human nature.

3. Who claimed a community of atheists could live a completely moral existence, according to Chapter 1 of the book "Science and the Enlightenment"?

4. Chapter 1 states that the "geometric spirit" noted by ________ ensured that the same progress would occur in our knowledge about nature.

5. What term did Toland invent for the belief that God and nature were one and the same, according to the narrator in Chapter 1?

(see the answer key)

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