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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 1, The Character of the Enlightenment.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. According to Chapter 1, who made Newton into a supreme rationalist whose laws of motion were a priori deductions of pure thought?
(a) Roberts.
(b) Maupertuis.
(c) Fontenelle.
(d) Marquis de l'Hopital.

2. Which German metaphysician, when asked in 1785 if he believed he lived in an enlightened age, answered, "No, we are living in an age of enlightenment."
(a) Diderot.
(b) Maupertuis.
(c) Chatelet.
(d) Immanuel Kant.

3. According to the narrator in Chapter 1, what was the key to a correct method whose model was mathematics?
(a) Nuture.
(b) Geometry.
(c) Reason.
(d) Nature.

4. Chapter 1 states that the "geometric spirit" noted by ________ ensured that the same progress would occur in our knowledge about nature.
(a) Newton.
(b) Locke.
(c) Fontenelle.
(d) Boyle.

5. What term did Toland invent for the belief that God and nature were one and the same, according to the narrator in Chapter 1?
(a) Mechanism.
(b) Pantheism.
(c) Academism.
(d) Deism.

Short Answer Questions

1. The names "biology" and "sociology" were names and fields that were created in what century, according to the narrator in Chapter 1?

2. By what name did natural philosophers want to be known as, according to the narrator in Chapter 1?

3. Who claimed a community of atheists could live a completely moral existence, according to Chapter 1 of the book "Science and the Enlightenment"?

4. What was the name of the revolution that was a cultural event associated with Galileo Galilei, Johannes Kepler, Rene Descartes, and Isaac Newton?

5. What was the name of the priest of the Congregation of the Oratory, who was also a philosopher, mathematician, and member of the French Academy of Sciences?

(see the answer key)

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