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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 1, The Character of the Enlightenment.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What was the name of the philosopher who had a passion for humanity, a desire to "do good," and a penchant for reform, according to Chapter 1?
(a) Descartes.
(b) Condorcet.
(c) Newton.
(d) Maupertuis.

2. Which German metaphysician, when asked in 1785 if he believed he lived in an enlightened age, answered, "No, we are living in an age of enlightenment."
(a) Maupertuis.
(b) Diderot.
(c) Immanuel Kant.
(d) Chatelet.

3. By what name did natural philosophers want to be known as, according to the narrator in Chapter 1?
(a) Men of Honor.
(b) Professors.
(c) Men of Letters.
(d) Masters.

4. Who claimed a community of atheists could live a completely moral existence, according to Chapter 1 of the book "Science and the Enlightenment"?
(a) L'Hopital.
(b) Kant.
(c) Varignon.
(d) Pierre Bayle.

5. What area of study in the Middle Ages had been the domain of those truths that could be found through the use of reason alone without the revelation of the Bible?
(a) Physiology.
(b) Mied mathematics.
(c) Natural theology.
(d) Psychology.

Short Answer Questions

1. Throughout the Enlightenment, reason was usually extolled in the same breath with ________, the other key word of the Enlightenment.

2. What was the name of the revolution that was a cultural event associated with Galileo Galilei, Johannes Kepler, Rene Descartes, and Isaac Newton?

3. The eighteenth century was called by the French the ________ because of its emphasis on reason as a path to knowledge.

4. Who was France's greatest hero of the Enlightenment partly because he was from England, the source of free thought and liberty and partly because he had solved the riddle of the planets, showing that their motions obeyed the same laws as motions on earth?

5. According to the beginning of Chapter 1, in 1759 the French mathematician ________ described a revolution that he saw taking place in natural philosophy.

(see the answer key)

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