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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 1, The Character of the Enlightenment.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. According to Chapter 1, who made Newton into a supreme rationalist whose laws of motion were a priori deductions of pure thought?
(a) Maupertuis.
(b) Marquis de l'Hopital.
(c) Roberts.
(d) Fontenelle.

2. Chapter 1 states that the "geometric spirit" noted by ________ ensured that the same progress would occur in our knowledge about nature.
(a) Boyle.
(b) Locke.
(c) Newton.
(d) Fontenelle.

3. By what name did natural philosophers want to be known as, according to the narrator in Chapter 1?
(a) Masters.
(b) Men of Letters.
(c) Professors.
(d) Men of Honor.

4. Who claimed a community of atheists could live a completely moral existence, according to Chapter 1 of the book "Science and the Enlightenment"?
(a) Kant.
(b) L'Hopital.
(c) Pierre Bayle.
(d) Varignon.

5. According to Chapter 1, ________, in 1747, attributed the cause of a "great revolution in physics" to Newton's "Principia."
(a) Alexis-Claude Clairaut.
(b) Malebranche.
(c) Descartes.
(d) Maupertuis.

Short Answer Questions

1. What was the name of the philosopher who could enthusiastically claim that "the works of Nature everywhere sufficiently evidence a Diety"?

2. Throughout the Enlightenment, reason was usually extolled in the same breath with ________, the other key word of the Enlightenment.

3. What area of science included astronomy, optics, statics, hydraulics, gnomonics, geography, horology, navigation, surveying, and fortification?

4. According to Chapter 1, the noble Houyhnhnm in Jonathan Swift's ________ "thought Nature and Reason were sufficient guides for a reasonable animal, as we pretended to be, in showing us what we ought to do, and what to avoid."

5. Chapter 1 states that in 1700, ________ first talked about an "almost complete revolution in geometry" that had begun with the analytic geometry of Descartes.

(see the answer key)

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