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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 2, Mathematics and the Exact Sciences.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. According to the beginning of Chapter 1, in 1759 the French mathematician ________ described a revolution that he saw taking place in natural philosophy.
(a) Newton.
(b) Euler.
(c) Jean Lerond d'Alembert.
(d) Carnot.

2. According to Chapter 1, who made Newton into a supreme rationalist whose laws of motion were a priori deductions of pure thought?
(a) Marquis de l'Hopital.
(b) Maupertuis.
(c) Fontenelle.
(d) Roberts.

3. Who stated in 1665 that "Analysis...seems to belong no more to Mathematics than to Physics, Ethics or any other Science"?
(a) Euclid.
(b) Aristotle.
(c) Isaac Barrow.
(d) Condillac.

4. The narrator reveals that vis viva was a measure of ________ to conserve his creation while "action" was a measure of his efficiency.
(a) God's demeanor.
(b) Man's passion.
(c) Man's desire.
(d) God's desire.

5. What area of science included astronomy, optics, statics, hydraulics, gnomonics, geography, horology, navigation, surveying, and fortification?
(a) Geology.
(b) Mixed mathematics.
(c) Botany.
(d) Meteorology.

Short Answer Questions

1. By what name did natural philosophers want to be known as, according to the narrator in Chapter 1?

2. The "Philosophical Letters" was a product of Voltaire's visit to ________ according to Chapter 2.

3. According to the narrator in Chapter 2, the only machine employed by rational mechanics was ________.

4. In the hands of ________, history led not to an understanding of God's will but rather to an understanding of human nature.

5. Who stated in the introduction to their book that, "There are no figures in this book. The methods that I demonstrate here require neither constructions, nor geometrical or mechanical reasoning, but only algebraic operations, subject to a regular and uniform development"?

(see the answer key)

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