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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 2, Mathematics and the Exact Sciences.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. According to Chapter 1, ________, in 1747, attributed the cause of a "great revolution in physics" to Newton's "Principia."
(a) Alexis-Claude Clairaut.
(b) Maupertuis.
(c) Malebranche.
(d) Descartes.

2. What was the name of the philosopher who could enthusiastically claim that "the works of Nature everywhere sufficiently evidence a Diety"?
(a) D' Alembert.
(b) Aristotle.
(c) John Locke.
(d) Kant.

3. In Chapter 2, what was the name of the shape of a chain suspended between two fixed points?
(a) Catenary.
(b) Isoperimeters.
(c) Tractrix.
(d) Involute.

4. In the hands of ________, history led not to an understanding of God's will but rather to an understanding of human nature.
(a) David Hume.
(b) D'Alembert.
(c) Kant.
(d) Boyle.

5. Which German metaphysician, when asked in 1785 if he believed he lived in an enlightened age, answered, "No, we are living in an age of enlightenment."
(a) Chatelet.
(b) Immanuel Kant.
(c) Maupertuis.
(d) Diderot.

Short Answer Questions

1. Chapter 1 states that in 1700, ________ first talked about an "almost complete revolution in geometry" that had begun with the analytic geometry of Descartes.

2. According to Chapter 1, the noble Houyhnhnm in Jonathan Swift's ________ "thought Nature and Reason were sufficient guides for a reasonable animal, as we pretended to be, in showing us what we ought to do, and what to avoid."

3. What area of science included astronomy, optics, statics, hydraulics, gnomonics, geography, horology, navigation, surveying, and fortification?

4. What term did Toland invent for the belief that God and nature were one and the same, according to the narrator in Chapter 1?

5. Who came out in support of vis viva in 1722 and concluded that "what was before only a dispute of words now becomes a dispute about real things"?

(see the answer key)

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