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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 2, Mathematics and the Exact Sciences.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Who came out in support of vis viva in 1722 and concluded that "what was before only a dispute of words now becomes a dispute about real things"?
(a) Musschenbroek.
(b) Voltaire.
(c) Galileo Galilei.
(d) 'sGravesande.

2. In Chapter 2, what was the name of the shape of a chain suspended between two fixed points?
(a) Tractrix.
(b) Catenary.
(c) Involute.
(d) Isoperimeters.

3. Leibniz, in his differential calculus, broke up the curve into many little straight lines, creating a ________, in Chapter 2 of "Science and the Enlightenment."
(a) Centripetal curve.
(b) Polygon curve.
(c) Diagonal curve.
(d) Pentagon curve.

4. According to the beginning of Chapter 1, in 1759 the French mathematician ________ described a revolution that he saw taking place in natural philosophy.
(a) Newton.
(b) Carnot.
(c) Euler.
(d) Jean Lerond d'Alembert.

5. According to the narrator in Chapter 1, who was one of the originators of the mechanical philosophy who believed there were no forces or powers in matter?
(a) Carnot.
(b) Bernoulli.
(c) Descartes.
(d) Leibniz.

Short Answer Questions

1. Chapter 1 states that the "geometric spirit" noted by ________ ensured that the same progress would occur in our knowledge about nature.

2. The eighteenth century was called by the French the ________ because of its emphasis on reason as a path to knowledge.

3. The "Philosophical Letters" was a product of Voltaire's visit to ________ according to Chapter 2.

4. Who was France's greatest hero of the Enlightenment partly because he was from England, the source of free thought and liberty and partly because he had solved the riddle of the planets, showing that their motions obeyed the same laws as motions on earth?

5. In 1819, who gave a clue to the source of this pessimism when he wrote that "the power of our analysis is practically exhausted"?

(see the answer key)

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