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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 2, Mathematics and the Exact Sciences.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Chapter 1 states that in 1700, ________ first talked about an "almost complete revolution in geometry" that had begun with the analytic geometry of Descartes.
(a) Bernard le Bovier de Fontenelle.
(b) Leibniz.
(c) D'Alembert.
(d) Cartesians.

2. According to the narrator in Chapter 1, who was one of the originators of the mechanical philosophy who believed there were no forces or powers in matter?
(a) Descartes.
(b) Bernoulli.
(c) Carnot.
(d) Leibniz.

3. Who came out in support of vis viva in 1722 and concluded that "what was before only a dispute of words now becomes a dispute about real things"?
(a) Voltaire.
(b) Galileo Galilei.
(c) Musschenbroek.
(d) 'sGravesande.

4. What was the name of the philosopher who was the leading scientific experimenter in seventeenth-century England, who had agreed that he had never seen any "inanimate production of nature, or of chance, whose contrivance was comparable to that of the meanest limb of the despicabilist animal"?
(a) Swift.
(b) Galileo.
(c) Robert Boyle.
(d) Locke.

5. What was the name of the path by which an object slides from one point to another that is not on the same vertical line in the shortest possible time?
(a) Brachistachrone.
(b) Involute.
(c) Catenary.
(d) Tractrix.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to the narrator in Chapter 1, what was the key to a correct method whose model was mathematics?

2. According to Chapter 1, who made Newton into a supreme rationalist whose laws of motion were a priori deductions of pure thought?

3. Leibniz, in his differential calculus, broke up the curve into many little straight lines, creating a ________, in Chapter 2 of "Science and the Enlightenment."

4. Who became the leading literary figure of the Enlightenment and in 1734 published "Philosophical Letters"?

5. Vis viva was thought by its creator ________ to be the dynamic quantity that was conserved in the universe, according to the narrator in Chapter 2.

(see the answer key)

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