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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 5, Natural History and Physiology.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Who was the most important German chemist, whose papers in the "Memoires" of the Berlin Academy, during the 1740s and 1750s, earned the admiration of the French chemists?
(a) Andreas Sigismund Marggraf.
(b) Johann Juncker.
(c) Nicolas Lemery.
(d) Baron d'Holbach.

2. Who called natural history the "great root and mother" of all the sciences and made it the indispensable prelude to his experimental philosophy in Chapter 5?
(a) Newton.
(b) Franklin.
(c) Bacon.
(d) Lavoisier.

3. According to the narrator in Chapter 4, who was the most successful searcher for "airs"?
(a) Joseph Priestley.
(b) Whytt.
(c) Cavendish.
(d) Joseph Black.

4. The narrator reveals that vis viva was a measure of ________ to conserve his creation while "action" was a measure of his efficiency.
(a) Man's passion.
(b) Man's desire.
(c) God's desire.
(d) God's demeanor.

5. According to the narrator in Chapter 3, Abbe Nollet, who became the most prominent ________ during the Enlightenment, explained the two electricities as opposing currents of the electrical fluid emerging in jets from the electrified body.
(a) Polish priest.
(b) French electrician.
(c) German psychologist.
(d) American plumber.

Short Answer Questions

1. What was the name of the problem of finding the shape of a surface of maximum area for a perimeter of given length as found in Chapter 2?

2. The concept of a ________ was a necessary step in the process of quantification, according to the narrator in Chapter 3.

3. Chapter 1 states that the "geometric spirit" noted by ________ ensured that the same progress would occur in our knowledge about nature.

4. According to Chapter 3, ________ was the most volatile and least substantial of all the elements; therefore, it was the chief agent of change, as witnessed by its role in combustion, fermentation, decomposition, and evaporation.

5. Acknowledging the existence of the gaseous states was a prerequisite for explaining combustion, the central problem of the ________, according to the narrator in chapter 4.

(see the answer key)

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