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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 5, Natural History and Physiology.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Van Helmont had proposed an ________ in the stomach that he believed to be the innermost essence of life and that acted by fermentation.
(a) Nasalis.
(b) Axolotl.
(c) Archaeus.
(d) Myxini.

2. Who, as both a chemist and a physician, was the first to criticize mechanistic explanations while his books on chemistry and physiology influenced Europe?
(a) Cullen.
(b) Stahl.
(c) Shaw.
(d) Hoffmann.

3. The ________, who had been leaders in experimental physics during the seventeenth century, continued to hold a prominent place until their order was suppressed in 1773.
(a) Christians.
(b) Jewish.
(c) Buddist.
(d) Jesuits.

4. In 1819, who gave a clue to the source of this pessimism when he wrote that "the power of our analysis is practically exhausted"?
(a) Joseph-Louis Lagrange.
(b) Isaac Barrow.
(c) Diderot.
(d) Sylvestre-Francois Lacroix.

5. In Chapter 5, who adopted a theory of generation similar to that of Maupertuis and in his second volume of his "Natural History," he brought forward his theory of organic molecules, interior mold, and penetrating force?
(a) Buffon.
(b) Kolreuter.
(c) Bonnet.
(d) Graafian.

Short Answer Questions

1. The concept of subtle fluids made its appearance around ________ when demonstration experiments in physics were rapidly gaining in popularity, according to the narrator in Chapter 3.

2. Chapter 2 states that ________ had been created to deal with the problem of motion and that the new mathematical techniques discovered in the eighteenth century were all responses to the challenges of mechanics.

3. ________, working with the knowledge of latent heat, realized that a big difference in heat could be obtained with a small difference in temperature, if one compared water and ice.

4. The narrator explains in Chapter 3 that ________ and ________ were the best examples of subtle fluids.

5. Some of the "cabinet de physique" became very large, the most famous being the collection of the ________ in Haarlem.

(see the answer key)

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