View a FREE sample

This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In 1660, Robert Boyle published an account of experiments that he had performed with his ________, according to the narrator in Chapter 4.
(a) Forceps.
(b) Microscope.
(c) Vacuum pump.
(d) Filter.

2. Which of the following Rousseau's book on education begins: "All is good as it leaves the hands of the author of things"?
(a) Encyclopedie.
(b) Vis Viva.
(c) Search for Truth.
(d) Emile.

3. Harvey followed the Aristotelian notion that the embryo began as a homogeneous mass and that the organs formed one after another from this homogeneous substance in a process called ________.
(a) Epigenesis.
(b) Zygosis.
(c) Agenesis.
(d) Symbiosis.

4. Joseph Black studied chemistry with ________ at Glasgow, serving for three years as his assistant, according to Chapter 4.
(a) Turgot.
(b) Hales.
(c) Lavoisier.
(d) Cullen.

5. According to the narrator in Chapter 6, societies modeled after the Royal Society were founded at the following locations, except for which one?
(a) Manchester.
(b) Haarlem.
(c) Charlotte.
(d) Edinburgh.

Short Answer Questions

1. Van Helmont had proposed an ________ in the stomach that he believed to be the innermost essence of life and that acted by fermentation.

2. Electricians in the following countries concluded from their experiments that electrified seeds germinated faster, that electrified plants sent out shoots earlier, and that electrified animals were slightly lighter than non-electrified ones, except for which country?

3. In Chapter 5, who adopted a theory of generation similar to that of Maupertuis and in his second volume of his "Natural History," he brought forward his theory of organic molecules, interior mold, and penetrating force?

4. Of all the prize papers, Rousseau's ________, written for the prize offered by the Dijon Academy in 1750, has had the most lasting fame, according to the narrator in Chapter 6.

5. Who saw his physiology as an animata anatome, an experimental science that investigated and explained the special properties and functions of living matter without going beyond the information obtained from the senses?

Short Essay Questions

1. Briefly discuss Georg Stahl and his impact on living matter.

2. Describe the three primary kinds of governments Montesquieu distinguished between in Chapter 6.

3. What did Descartes conclude about mechanical philosophy and the study of life?

4. Discuss Montesquieu's fourteenth book of the "Spirit of the Laws."

5. Briefly discuss Jean Senebier's interpretation of Ingen-Housz's explanation of how plants produced oxygen.

6. What is natural history? What does natural mean in the Aristotelian sense?

7. What were the four fragments of knowledge that probably contributed to Lavoisier's inspiration to research combustion?

8. Discuss the rise of experimental physiology in the 1740s.

9. What two other academic chores brought the problem of combustion to Lavoisier's attention?

10. Discuss Abraham Trembley's discovery of generation.

(see the answer keys)

This section contains 927 words (approx. 4 pages at 300 words per page) View a FREE sample