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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 4, Chemistry.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What was the name of the priest of the Congregation of the Oratory, who was also a philosopher, mathematician, and member of the French Academy of Sciences?
(a) Descartes.
(b) Nicolas Malebranche.
(c) Newton.
(d) Chatelet.

2. In 1729, ________, a dedicated amateur experimenter and occasional contributor to the "Philosophical Transactions" of the Royal Society, discovered that electricity could be communicated over rather long distances by contact.
(a) Newton.
(b) 'sGravesande.
(c) Stephen Gray.
(d) Francis Hauksbee.

3. Robert Whytt and Charles Aston studied the properties of ________ and ________ according, to the narrator in Chapter 4.
(a) Boiling water / freezing water.
(b) Quicklime / limewater.
(c) Lemonlime / electrical heat.
(d) Magnesium citrate / quicklime.

4. Contemporary chemistry recognized only one element in the gaseous state, and that was the element _______.
(a) Water.
(b) Air.
(c) Earth.
(d) Fire.

5. Chapter 2 reveals that Leibniz wrote the "second difference" in calculus as ________.
(a) A3E.
(b) D2X.
(c) B3C.
(d) R6Z.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to the narrator in Chapter 1, who was one of the originators of the mechanical philosophy who believed there were no forces or powers in matter?

2. What was the name of the philosopher who could enthusiastically claim that "the works of Nature everywhere sufficiently evidence a Diety"?

3. In a letter of September 21, 1781, who wrote to his mentor Jean d'Alembert that he feared mathematics had reached its limit?

4. The narrator explains in Chapter 3 that ________ and ________ were the best examples of subtle fluids.

5. In the early years of the Enlightenment, the strongest support on the Continent for Newton's philosophy came from ________.

(see the answer key)

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