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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 4, Chemistry.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The names "biology" and "sociology" were names and fields that were created in what century, according to the narrator in Chapter 1?
(a) 15th.
(b) 19th.
(c) 18th.
(d) 17th.

2. In Chapter 3, who noticed that when he pulled off his silk socks in the evening, "they frequently made a crackling or snapping noise" and emitted "sparks of fire"?
(a) William Gilbert.
(b) John Cuthbertson.
(c) Robert Symmer.
(d) Martinus van Marum.

3. Contemporary chemistry recognized only one element in the gaseous state, and that was the element _______.
(a) Fire.
(b) Air.
(c) Earth.
(d) Water.

4. In Chapter 1, who claimed that his "principle of least action" proved the existence of God?
(a) Malebranche.
(b) Pierre-Louis-Moreau de Maupertuis.
(c) Newton.
(d) Leibniz.

5. The eighteenth century was called by the French the ________ because of its emphasis on reason as a path to knowledge.
(a) Century of reason.
(b) Century of life.
(c) Century of science.
(d) Century of light.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who had written a preface to the second edition of the "Principia," supposedly with Newton's blessing, that described gravity as a force acting at a distance without any intervening medium?

2. In 1660, Robert Boyle published an account of experiments that he had performed with his ________, according to the narrator in Chapter 4.

3. All of the following were forms of fire, according to Boerhaave and Musschenbroek, except for which one?

4. Who stated in 1665 that "Analysis...seems to belong no more to Mathematics than to Physics, Ethics or any other Science"?

5. In the preface to his "Histoire" of the Paris Academy of Science, who argued in 1699 that the new "geometric spirit" could also improve works on politics, morals, literary criticism, and even public speaking?

(see the answer key)

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