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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Children can begin to see themselves in a mirror, showing that they can now begin to see themselves ___________.

2. Regulation through the Freudian notion of the _______ is always present, according to Stern's findings.

3. When searching for causes of ________ personality disorder, for example, different theories look for an experience of abandonment or isolation as a cause.

4. Sometimes equilibria form, but require a lot of ________ from others to maintain , according to Stern's findings.

5. At this stage of development, infants become emotionally responsive to the perceptions of the _________ states of others.

Short Essay Questions

1. What development has Stern's book sought to describe and to explore?

2. What might result in anxiety disorders later in life, according to Stern's studies in this book?

3. Why might pathologies result in the study of the formation of self in the infant, according to Stern?

4. What does it mean when Stern describes the idea of deferred imitation in children?

5. What does the development of the infant infer, according to Stern's findings?

6. Why does Stern believe that the whole chain of reasoning that led to the idea of a barrier should be discarded?

7. What happens when a child reaches their second year of living, according to the book?

8. What does Freud believe about the first few months of an infant's life, according to the book?

9. Why does Stern omit the idea of an oral stage when he discusses the infant growth stages, according to the content of the book?

10. Why should the period of emergence of each sense of self be focused on when an infant is studied, according to the content of the book?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Infants seem to be emotionally responsive to those around them, changing their moods based on how they feel others are acting.

Part 1: Do you agree that infants react to those around them?

Part 2: How do you think a parent should change their behavior if their infant reacts to the way they act?

Part 3: Why do you think infants might be programmed to respond to others around them?

Essay Topic 2

Observing infants cannot be an easy process, since they cannot communicate feelings.

Part 1: How do you think a person can become adept at observing infants?

Part 2: Do you think that infants are able to communicate, even if it's nonverbal?

Part 3: How might you begin to observe the behaviors of infants if you were studying them?

Essay Topic 3

The observed infant is different from the clinical infant, according to Stern in this book.

Part 1: Why do you think the observed and clinical infants differ?

Part 2: Do you think it's possible to have a clinical infant?

Part 3: How do you think the observed infant is controlled by the world around them?

(see the answer keys)

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