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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Throughout the stages of Erikson's theory of identity development, what happens if youth do not take advantage of the wisdom elders have to share?
(a) They can not form their identities.
(b) Nothing.
(c) They may become isolated.
(d) They form distinct identities.

2. What two characteristics does Erikson believe are central to the female identity?
(a) Independence and family.
(b) Empathy and family.
(c) Empathy and happiness.
(d) Sterness and family.

3. Who does Erikson use as an example to discuss the identity of blacks?
(a) Martian Luther King.
(b) W.E.B. DuBois.
(c) C.S. Lewis.
(d) Freud.

4. Where does Erikson feel ego strength some from in youth?
(a) Parents.
(b) Community.
(c) Confirmation of conformity.
(d) Confirmation of individuality.

5. Within the Erikson's system of the self-concept, what is produced by the ego?
(a) Self-respect.
(b) Self-loathing.
(c) Self-preservation.
(d) Self-representation.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Erikson resist characterizing modern youth as?

2. What do youth recognize the need for during Erikson's stages of identity development?

3. What does Erikson say about the absence of black fathers?

4. How does Erikson think ideologies should be filled?

5. What type of groups, as proposed by Erikson, often play on the various needs of youth?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why does Erikson feel it is necessary to explore emotional reactions and resistance in terms of women's position in the world?

2. What aspects are involved in defining the ego?

3. What is the difference between the Ego and "I"?

4. According to post-Freudian theory, how is culture developed around women?

5. Why does Erikson think that biology is shallow and inaccurate?

6. What is the overriding issue concerning Erikson's proposal of ideologies and identity development?

7. Why does Erikson believe political underground groups often target youth?

8. What does Erikson mean when he refers to the adaptive ego?

9. According to Erikson, why is preoccupation with identity the symptom of alienation?

10. According to Erikson, why are youth so sensitive to the identities of the past?

(see the answer keys)

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