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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What arises from achieving a sense of identity or a revolution of awareness as proposed in Erikson's theory of racial identity development?
(a) Racial liberation.
(b) Peace.
(c) Wisdom.
(d) Final identity.

2. What does Erikson feel has barker elements that may not be wholly sincere?
(a) Identity of women.
(b) Helpless feelings of women.
(c) Oppression of women.
(d) Emancipation of women.

3. In light of Erikson's view on identity development within communities, what must communities recognize in youth?
(a) Their identity.
(b) Their lack of identity.
(c) Their energy.
(d) Their rebellion.

4. What dose Erikson say psychoanalysts' fail to recognize about the ego?
(a) It cannot exist without human social organization.
(b) It can exist without human social organization.
(c) It depends on the individual.
(d) It is based solely on environment.

5. What does Erikson suggest defines much of a woman's identity?
(a) Who she marries.
(b) How many children she has.
(c) Intelligence.
(d) Attractiveness to men.

Short Answer Questions

1. In Chapter 8, what does Erikson suggest is a natural characteristic of identity?

2. What term does Erikson use for a biological life cycle?

3. What do environmental counterweights of identity help explain in terms of Freud's theory of identity?

4. Considering Erikson's theory of group identity development, what are cultures often led to do concerning their values?

5. What two characteristics does Erikson believe are central to the female identity?

Short Essay Questions

1. What role does the psychoanalyst play in helping an individual in terms of developing identity according to the theory set forth by Erikson?

2. What is the difference between the Ego and "I"?

3. According to Erikson, why are youth so sensitive to the identities of the past?

4. What is the overriding issue concerning Erikson's proposal of ideologies and identity development?

5. According to Erikson what is necessary for a woman to form her identity?

6. In Chapter 5, why has Erikson replace the term identity confusion with identity diffusion?

7. Why does Erikson feel it is important to have a clear identity when one has numerous options for identity available?

8. What does the process of identity confirmation include?

9. Why does Erikson feel it is necessary to explore emotional reactions and resistance in terms of women's position in the world?

10. According to Erikson, why is preoccupation with identity the symptom of alienation?

(see the answer keys)

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