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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. After James' long identity crisis, what did he decide to be?
(a) Antisocial.
(b) Dependant on society.
(c) Self-governing.
(d) A psychologist.

2. In the early 20th century, totalitarian disposition is best understood as what?
(a) The self as separate from others.
(b) A universal human related to all parts of human nature.
(c) It was not understood at all.
(d) Community needs.

3. According to Erikson in Chapter 2, what occurs when the ego combines elements that result in an inability to form a positive self-image?
(a) Negative identity formation.
(b) No identity formation.
(c) Stereotyping.
(d) Ego synthesis fails.

4. That does introjection mean in terms of Erikson's stages of identity development for groups other than the majority?
(a) Incorporating another's image.
(b) Explore your identity.
(c) Think about the past.
(d) Think about the future.

5. Why does Erikson state that ideologies have been given a bad name?
(a) They have no baring on identity.
(b) They are false.
(c) Because they are only a set of principles.
(d) They are open to interpretation.

6. What does Shaw find his childhood exposures to have been?
(a) Enlightening.
(b) Extraordinary.
(c) Intrusively noisy.
(d) Destructive.

7. In observing groups of people being reeducated by American civil servants, what reason does Erikson provide for why this group became frustrated and identity development?
(a) They could not integrate the necessary steps for tangible future.
(b) They did not want to be educated.
(c) They did not understand the culture.
(d) They did not speak the language.

8. As discussed in Chapter 2, who is able to trigger transference of models of identity formation within younger members of society?
(a) Parents.
(b) Self.
(c) Church leaders.
(d) Peers.

9. What may be gained as an individual enters Erikson's final stage of development when their overall development has been positive and healthy?
(a) Hopelessness.
(b) Reflection.
(c) Peace.
(d) Wisdom.

10. In Chapter 2, what does Erikson feel about how psychologists treat social dynamics and external social elements?
(a) As deep rooted elements of social identity.
(b) The coexist.
(c) As keys to social competence.
(d) As surface events.

11. In the beginning of the 20th century, what demonstrated the possibility to destroy human kind?
(a) Pseudospecies.
(b) Negative identity formation.
(c) Peaceniks.
(d) Individuality.

12. Why was Erikson so impressed with Shaw?
(a) He could integrate the complex elements of life.
(b) He developed a good theory of development.
(c) He was very intelligent.
(d) He did not care what others thought.

13. Erikson feels that Freud's intellect is a gift that stems from what?
(a) Good genes.
(b) A strong identity.
(c) A good education.
(d) A hostile limitation of opportunities.

14. During Erikson's final stage of development, individuals having a sense of Generativity may engage in what type of activities?
(a) Finding a new job.
(b) Listlessness.
(c) Leading future generations to succeed.
(d) Planing for the future.

15. In order to create a positive ego what does Erikson state must be tested?
(a) Current reality against identity.
(b) Ability for introspection.
(c) Mental acuity.
(d) Current intelligence and identity.

Short Answer Questions

1. During the Erikson's second stage of development, what does the individual gain when identity has developed in a healthy manner?

2. What does George Bernard Shaw despise?

3. According to the discussion in Chapter 2, the process of the ego helps individuals maintain their personalities and what type of fashion?

4. According to Erikson, in his review and observations of changes in culture, what does he suggest will become common values among today's youth?

5. What is one example that Erikson provides for the notion of "evil ego identity"?

(see the answer keys)

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