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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. According to Erikson, how long does it take for identity to develop?
(a) A lifetime.
(b) 30 years.
(c) Identity if formed at birth.
(d) 5 years.

2. According to the discussion in Chapter 2, the process of the ego helps individuals maintain their personalities and what type of fashion?
(a) Positive.
(b) Selflessly.
(c) Incoherent.
(d) Coherent.

3. What was Shaw exposed to as a child?
(a) Alcoholism.
(b) Fighting.
(c) Mental illness.
(d) Music making.

4. As discussed by Erikson in Chapter 2, what occurs when a system either biological or social malfunctions?
(a) Confusion.
(b) Restart of identity formation.
(c) Identity loss.
(d) Pathology.

5. Where does the process of identity formation began?
(a) With mother and baby.
(b) As an adolescent.
(c) As a toddler.
(d) As a young adult.

6. What term does Erikson use to refer to the methods used throughout history to integrate identity?
(a) Methods of conformity.
(b) Methods of group formation.
(c) Methods of identity.
(d) Methods of acquisition.

7. According to Erikson, what is the second stage of identity development?
(a) Intimacy vs. isolation.
(b) Trust vs. mistrust.
(c) Initiative vs. Guilt.
(d) Autonomy vs. shame.

8. Because the terms "identity" and "identity crisis" are used in such a variety of situations, what have these terms become?
(a) Ritualized.
(b) Embedded in society.
(c) Coined.
(d) Well-defined.

9. In terms of Erikson's theory of individual development, what is required in order to transcend toward individuality?
(a) Family support.
(b) Intelligence.
(c) Meditation.
(d) Identity.

10. After James' long identity crisis, what did he decide to be?
(a) Antisocial.
(b) Dependant on society.
(c) A psychologist.
(d) Self-governing.

11. What is present within each period of Erikson's theory of identity development?
(a) Inner and outer conflict.
(b) Identity confusion.
(c) Social conflict.
(d) Distinct processes.

12. Considering the relationship between personal and historical identity formation, how can this relationship be described?
(a) Psychosomatic confusion.
(b) Ancestral relativity.
(c) Psychosocial relativity.
(d) Genetic relativity.

13. Erikson feels that Freud's intellect is a gift that stems from what?
(a) Good genes.
(b) A hostile limitation of opportunities.
(c) A good education.
(d) A strong identity.

14. According to Erikson in Chapter 2, what occurs when the ego combines elements that result in an inability to form a positive self-image?
(a) No identity formation.
(b) Ego synthesis fails.
(c) Negative identity formation.
(d) Stereotyping.

15. In the beginning of the 20th century, what demonstrated the possibility to destroy human kind?
(a) Negative identity formation.
(b) Individuality.
(c) Pseudospecies.
(d) Peaceniks.

Short Answer Questions

1. What did Shaw convinced himself he was?

2. According to Freud, what is the third stage of development called?

3. As noted in Chapter 2, how can false or inaccurate ego identity formations be corrected after being developed by parents in terms of group identity development?

4. According to Freud, what is the first stage of identity development called?

5. What does Shaw find his childhood exposures to have been?

(see the answer keys)

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