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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In discussing Freud's views on group identity, what does Erikson state is a major cause in identity becoming frustrating and disintegrated?
(a) When the role of identity in a group changes.
(b) When the group disbands.
(c) When there are too many leaders.
(d) When groups members do not have their own identity.

2. How the James decide he could strengthen his ego?
(a) Simply learning.
(b) Embracing positive experiences.
(c) By doing, suffering, and creating.
(d) Meditating and breathing.

3. In developing Erikson' theory of group identity, what two processes must the ego consist of that assist in defining both body in community membership?
(a) Spiritual and social.
(b) Social and mental.
(c) Spiritual and biological.
(d) Biological and social.

4. During Erikson's final stage of development, individuals having a sense of Generativity may engage in what type of activities?
(a) Leading future generations to succeed.
(b) Finding a new job.
(c) Planing for the future.
(d) Listlessness.

5. What type of self is clear when examining Freud's dreams?
(a) Confident self.
(b) Identified self.
(c) Open-minded self.
(d) Suppressed self.

6. What does Erikson feel may have been lost to modernity?
(a) Ideologies.
(b) Self-identity.
(c) Self-preservation.
(d) Cosmic wholeness.

7. Erikson notes that James' youth was full of emotional strains in struggles for what?
(a) Sanity.
(b) Love.
(c) Happiness.
(d) Identity formation.

8. What does Erikson state are not constantly bolstered, an idea that is contrary to popular belief?
(a) Self conscious.
(b) Weak egos.
(c) The arrogant.
(d) Strong egos.

9. As discussed in Chapter 1, what first lead to the scientific mythology of the mind?
(a) The newness of man's self awareness.
(b) Understanding of neurons.
(c) Interest in technology.
(d) The mentally ill.

10. What is one thing that Erikson states comes with each stage of identity development?
(a) A widening social radius.
(b) An emotional separation.
(c) Understanding of self.
(d) Closing off of society.

11. According to Erikson, in his review and observations of changes in culture, what does he suggest will become common values among today's youth?
(a) Dissonance.
(b) Leadership.
(c) Choice and identity.
(d) Common identity.

12. When does Erikson feel individuals develop trust?
(a) When they face a difficult situation.
(b) They are around good people.
(c) They trust themselves.
(d) Their needs are met.

13. As discussed in Chapter 2, who is able to trigger transference of models of identity formation within younger members of society?
(a) Church leaders.
(b) Parents.
(c) Peers.
(d) Self.

14. Considering Erikson's theory of groups identity development, what type of group demands does ego identity help balance?
(a) Conformity.
(b) Leadership conflicts.
(c) Negative identities.
(d) Members passions and instincts.

15. What was William James obsessed with his entire life?
(a) Morbid psychology.
(b) Identity.
(c) Self.
(d) Social dysfunction.

Short Answer Questions

1. In terms of Erikson's theory of individual development, what is required in order to transcend toward individuality?

2. According to Erikson, what is the third stage of development?

3. Why does Erikson state that ideologies have been given a bad name?

4. According to Erikson, what stage is highly dependent on and individuals and ability to gain acceptance?

5. Why does Erikson warn the reader not to expect any solid development of mythology in terms of integrating the work on identity over the past two decades?

(see the answer keys)

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