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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What term does Erikson use to describe the fluctuation of ego strength and high growth potential?
(a) Ego crisis.
(b) Identity crisis.
(c) Human crisis.
(d) Normative crisis.

2. What did Shaw care so much about being?
(a) Happy.
(b) Amoral.
(c) Moral.
(d) Smart.

3. What was William James obsessed with his entire life?
(a) Identity.
(b) Morbid psychology.
(c) Self.
(d) Social dysfunction.

4. In the beginning of the 20th century, what demonstrated the possibility to destroy human kind?
(a) Peaceniks.
(b) Individuality.
(c) Pseudospecies.
(d) Negative identity formation.

5. What does Erikson suggest offers simplified perspectives in order to avoid confusion of societal beliefs and goals?
(a) Ideologies.
(b) Education.
(c) Community structure.
(d) Social understanding.

6. When does Erikson feel individuals develop trust?
(a) Their needs are met.
(b) They are around good people.
(c) They trust themselves.
(d) When they face a difficult situation.

7. Concerning Erikson's theory, when identity development is negative, what type of personalities may occur during the second stage of development?
(a) Compulsive.
(b) Antisocial.
(c) Arrogance.
(d) Maladaptive behaviors.

8. According to Erikson, how long does it take for identity to develop?
(a) A lifetime.
(b) Identity if formed at birth.
(c) 30 years.
(d) 5 years.

9. What does William James state is discernible in mental or moral attitudes?
(a) History.
(b) Culture.
(c) Family.
(d) Character.

10. What does Erikson state youth need so they do not languish in a strictly episodical conscious expansion?
(a) Wisdom.
(b) A set of guidelines for identity.
(c) Understanding of the past.
(d) Leadership that can be resistant.

11. According to Erikson in Chapter 2, what occurs when the ego combines elements that result in an inability to form a positive self-image?
(a) No identity formation.
(b) Negative identity formation.
(c) Stereotyping.
(d) Ego synthesis fails.

12. As discussed by Erikson in Chapter 2, what occurs when a system either biological or social malfunctions?
(a) Restart of identity formation.
(b) Confusion.
(c) Identity loss.
(d) Pathology.

13. What does Erikson believe is an intrinsic part of maturation?
(a) Identity formation.
(b) Identity crisis.
(c) Growth.
(d) Questioning one's identity.

14. Considering Erikson's theory of groups identity development, what type of group demands does ego identity help balance?
(a) Members passions and instincts.
(b) Conformity.
(c) Negative identities.
(d) Leadership conflicts.

15. What might gaining a stronger self identity correspond to in relation to the majority of the population?
(a) A strong societal bond.
(b) Emancipation from society.
(c) Totalitarianism.
(d) Anarchy.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Erikson state is the first age of identity development involve in terms of conflict?

2. What can reinforce the process of negative identity formation in terms of Erikson's stages of identity development?

3. In Chapter 2, what does Erikson feel about how psychologists treat social dynamics and external social elements?

4. What does Erikson feel happens when a healthy personality deals with conflict?

5. What do most new generations confront as a result of scientific and technological changes?

(see the answer keys)

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