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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How does Erikson feel the majority of women react to feminists?
(a) Strongly.
(b) With indifference.
(c) Weakly.
(d) Revert to old ways.

2. What does Erikson say about the absence of black fathers?
(a) It is only psychologically.
(b) It is the only reason for identity confusion.
(c) It is the downfall of the race.
(d) It is physically.

3. What do youth recognize the need for during Erikson's stages of identity development?
(a) Loyalty.
(b) Community.
(c) Family.
(d) Friends.

4. How does Erikson say black males have been exploited?
(a) Psychologically.
(b) Physically.
(c) As domestic animals.
(d) As humans.

5. How is identity diffusion manifested during the adolescent stages of Erikson's theory of identity development?
(a) Long adolescent moratorium.
(b) Strong identity.
(c) No adolescent moratorium.
(d) Short adolescent moratorium.

6. What does Erikson say must not happen with strong black mothers?
(a) They must not be positively stereotyped.
(b) They must not be negatively stereotyped.
(c) They must continue their struggles.
(d) They must not be so overbearing.

7. In Chapter 8, what does Erikson suggest is a natural characteristic of identity?
(a) Individual.
(b) Controversial.
(c) Territorial.
(d) Fluid.

8. What elements does Erikson suggest can be caused by the demand to develop a distinct identity?
(a) Confusion.
(b) Split identities.
(c) Ego strength.
(d) Anxiety.

9. What term does Erikson use for a biological life cycle?
(a) Soma.
(b) Id.
(c) Psyche.
(d) Ego.

10. According to Erikson, by meeting the youth's needs what occurs in terms of the historical context?
(a) It is passed on to the next generation of youth.
(b) Nothing.
(c) It is forgotten.
(d) Youth are integrated in it.

11. What does Erikson state the ego is in that it knows and understands where it wants to go?
(a) Whole.
(b) Introspective.
(c) Intelligent.
(d) Forward looking.

12. How does Erikson think ideologies should be filled?
(a) Intellectual cultivation.
(b) Technology.
(c) By society.
(d) By the youth themselves.

13. According to Erikson, what must be understood in order to define the ego?
(a) Nature.
(b) Individual differences.
(c) Society.
(d) Genetics.

14. The oppression of blacks, according to Erikson has done what to the mother-father presence?
(a) Created an imbalance.
(b) Created identity confusion.
(c) Created identity diffusion.
(d) Nothing significant.

15. Considering Freud's elements of the mind, what are the counterweights of the ego?
(a) Self and society.
(b) Id and superego.
(c) Id and society.
(d) Environment and society.

Short Answer Questions

1. How does feminists often react during times of identity development and social change, as proposed in Erikson's theory?

2. What two characteristics does Erikson believe are central to the female identity?

3. What do the elements of the self produce in light of Erikson's theory of identity development?

4. What does Erikson suggest defines much of a woman's identity?

5. Who does Erikson use as an example to discuss the identity of blacks?

(see the answer keys)

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