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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is the critical stage of Erikson's theory of development where women develop their female identity?
(a) When they get married.
(b) When they have children.
(c) This never fully forms.
(d) When they leave the family.

2. In terms of Erikson's theory of identity development, what is one notion that youth resist?
(a) The past.
(b) The future.
(c) Youth do not resist.
(d) The present.

3. What does Erikson say about the absence of black fathers?
(a) It is the only reason for identity confusion.
(b) It is the downfall of the race.
(c) It is only psychologically.
(d) It is physically.

4. According to Erikson's theory, what is psychologically different between males and females?
(a) Everything.
(b) Their ability to express empathy.
(c) Their notions of success.
(d) Their psychological spaces.

5. What do the elements of the self produce in light of Erikson's theory of identity development?
(a) A potential identity.
(b) A composite of society.
(c) An understanding.
(d) A composite of self.

6. What elements of Erikson's theory must be balanced in order to avoid obsessiveness and relativism?
(a) Morals.
(b) Priorities.
(c) Ideals.
(d) Family.

7. According to Erikson, how are oppressed groups' negative identities confirmed?
(a) When majorities recognize their oppression.
(b) When majorities deny their oppression.
(c) By their actions.
(d) When minorities recognize they are oppressed.

8. The oppression of blacks, according to Erikson has done what to the mother-father presence?
(a) Created an imbalance.
(b) Created identity diffusion.
(c) Nothing significant.
(d) Created identity confusion.

9. What two components within Erikson's theory are important for youth to base their identities on?
(a) Ideologies and the future.
(b) Childhood and ideologies.
(c) Morals and community structure.
(d) Future and childhood.

10. What does Erikson suggest has led to the focus on women's position in the world?
(a) They have spoken up.
(b) Their work as housewives.
(c) Their equality to men.
(d) Economic and practical reasons.

11. How does man quantify attributes of himself philosophically and psychologically in terms of Erikson's views of identity development?
(a) Understands the whole society.
(b) Accepts imperfections.
(c) Uses the words I and self.
(d) Uses the words Us and We.

12. What type of feelings does Erikson proposed are experienced by those in oppressed groups?
(a) Inferiority and self-hate.
(b) Indifference and loathing.
(c) Interest in other groups.
(d) Superiority and self-love.

13. For women, as proposed by Erikson, when does adulthood begin?
(a) When they get married.
(b) When they turn 18 years old.
(c) With the capacity to give and receive love.
(d) When they have children.

14. What does Erikson feel one must explore in a discussion of women that may block meaningful discussion?
(a) Emotional reactions and resistances.
(b) Physical reactions and resistances.
(c) Psychological reactions and resistances.
(d) Intellectual reactions and resistances.

15. Why does Erikson think the black identity has been confused?
(a) Historical events.
(b) Negativity of black writers.
(c) Many do not fully understand identity.
(d) Lack of study of this population.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Erikson suggest is in the domain of the inter agency that produces a coherent existence?

2. How is Erikson's theory of identity consciousness overcome?

3. What does Erikson risk in plotting a new course of understanding regarding identity and ego development?

4. What two characteristics does Erikson believe are central to the female identity?

5. What are two characteristics of women that Erikson presents in Chapter 7?

(see the answer keys)

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