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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In light of Erikson's view on identity development within communities, what must communities recognize in youth?
(a) Their lack of identity.
(b) Their identity.
(c) Their energy.
(d) Their rebellion.

2. What type of groups, as proposed by Erikson, often play on the various needs of youth?
(a) Political undergrounds.
(b) Community organizations.
(c) Parents.
(d) Schools.

3. In Chapter 8, what does Erikson suggest is a natural characteristic of identity?
(a) Territorial.
(b) Individual.
(c) Controversial.
(d) Fluid.

4. What does Erikson indicate many psychoanalysts think humans are predisposed to do?
(a) Interact with the environment.
(b) Be passive actors in their environment.
(c) Accept their environment.
(d) Change the environment.

5. Interpreting Freud's theory, what does Erikson feel occurs when the ego resists integrating into new environments?
(a) Identity loss.
(b) Identity resistance.
(c) Identity confusion.
(d) Identity displacement.

6. What do many youth move back and forth between in terms of dysfunctional modes of Erikson's theory of identity development?
(a) Extreme deviancy and repentance.
(b) Mild conformity and mild deviancy.
(c) Devoted conformity and extreme deviancy.
(d) Devoted conformity and devotion to self.

7. What does Erikson state the ego is in that it knows and understands where it wants to go?
(a) Introspective.
(b) Forward looking.
(c) Whole.
(d) Intelligent.

8. According to Erikson, what must be understood in order to define the ego?
(a) Society.
(b) Nature.
(c) Individual differences.
(d) Genetics.

9. What does Erikson suggest defines much of a woman's identity?
(a) Who she marries.
(b) How many children she has.
(c) Attractiveness to men.
(d) Intelligence.

10. How does Erikson think ideologies should be filled?
(a) By society.
(b) Technology.
(c) By the youth themselves.
(d) Intellectual cultivation.

11. What elements does Erikson suggest can be caused by the demand to develop a distinct identity?
(a) Anxiety.
(b) Confusion.
(c) Split identities.
(d) Ego strength.

12. What do environmental counterweights of identity help explain in terms of Freud's theory of identity?
(a) Society.
(b) Inner world of the ego.
(c) Self.
(d) Outer world of the ego.

13. How is Erikson's theory of identity consciousness overcome?
(a) When a person gives up searching for identity.
(b) We are always conscious of our identity.
(c) When a sense of identity is achieved.
(d) Through self actualization.

14. Within the Erikson's system of the self-concept, what is produced by the ego?
(a) Self-preservation.
(b) Self-loathing.
(c) Self-respect.
(d) Self-representation.

15. What does Erikson suggest might save blacks from having to integrate their identities based on their own decision to do so?
(a) Religion.
(b) Family.
(c) Public policy.
(d) Community.

Short Answer Questions

1. What dose Erikson say psychoanalysts' fail to recognize about the ego?

2. What does Erikson suggest occurs in institutionalized settings such as a hospital with regard to identity?

3. What does Erikson wish youth would search for?

4. Why does Erikson state that remorseful majorities be watched?

5. How are Erikson's ideologies of youth fulfilled?

(see the answer keys)

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