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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does Erikson suggest is in the domain of the inter agency that produces a coherent existence?
(a) Biology.
(b) Ancestors.
(c) The ego.
(d) Environment.

2. How does Erikson think ideologies should be filled?
(a) Technology.
(b) Intellectual cultivation.
(c) By society.
(d) By the youth themselves.

3. According to Erikson, how are oppressed groups' negative identities confirmed?
(a) When minorities recognize they are oppressed.
(b) By their actions.
(c) When majorities recognize their oppression.
(d) When majorities deny their oppression.

4. What do the elements of the self produce in light of Erikson's theory of identity development?
(a) A composite of self.
(b) An understanding.
(c) A composite of society.
(d) A potential identity.

5. What, according to Erikson, is destructive for blacks?
(a) Negative identity.
(b) Gender identity.
(c) Positive identity.
(d) Group identity.

6. What do youth recognize the need for during Erikson's stages of identity development?
(a) Friends.
(b) Community.
(c) Family.
(d) Loyalty.

7. The oppression of blacks, according to Erikson has done what to the mother-father presence?
(a) Created identity confusion.
(b) Nothing significant.
(c) Created identity diffusion.
(d) Created an imbalance.

8. Where does Erikson feel ego strength some from in youth?
(a) Community.
(b) Parents.
(c) Confirmation of conformity.
(d) Confirmation of individuality.

9. Considering Freud's elements of the mind, what are the counterweights of the ego?
(a) Id and society.
(b) Environment and society.
(c) Id and superego.
(d) Self and society.

10. Based on Erikson's studies, what directly influences the egos process of self integration?
(a) Historical reality and context.
(b) Family.
(c) Self.
(d) Society.

11. What does Erikson state is difficult for black mothers in terms of their children?
(a) Allow them to search for their own identity.
(b) Keep them educated.
(c) Teach them about identity.
(d) Let them go through the stages of development.

12. What does Erikson suggest might save blacks from having to integrate their identities based on their own decision to do so?
(a) Family.
(b) Religion.
(c) Community.
(d) Public policy.

13. What dose Erikson say psychoanalysts' fail to recognize about the ego?
(a) It can exist without human social organization.
(b) It depends on the individual.
(c) It cannot exist without human social organization.
(d) It is based solely on environment.

14. According to Erikson's theory, what is psychologically different between males and females?
(a) Their psychological spaces.
(b) Everything.
(c) Their notions of success.
(d) Their ability to express empathy.

15. What does Erikson feel about psychoanalysts' use of biology?
(a) Shallow and inaccurate.
(b) It has not place in the study of identity.
(c) It is innovative.
(d) It is important to the study of identity.

Short Answer Questions

1. What are women able to process better than men, according to Erikson?

2. What does Erikson resist characterizing modern youth as?

3. What do environmental counterweights of identity help explain in terms of Freud's theory of identity?

4. What does Erikson feel an inclusive identity is contained in?

5. Based on Freud's theory of identity, Ego identity results in two actions, one of which is synthesizing the frontiers of the ego; what is the other action?

(see the answer keys)

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