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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Considering Erikson's theory of groups identity development, what type of group demands does ego identity help balance?
(a) Leadership conflicts.
(b) Negative identities.
(c) Members passions and instincts.
(d) Conformity.

2. During the Erikson's second stage of development, what does the individual gain when identity has developed in a healthy manner?
(a) Mental development.
(b) Confidence and control over himself.
(c) Wisdom.
(d) Independence.

3. What does Erikson state is the first age of identity development involve in terms of conflict?
(a) Trust vs. mistrust.
(b) Initiative vs. Guilt.
(c) Autonomy vs. shame.
(d) Intimacy vs. isolation.

4. Why does Erikson state that ideologies have been given a bad name?
(a) They are open to interpretation.
(b) They have no baring on identity.
(c) Because they are only a set of principles.
(d) They are false.

5. Why was Erikson so impressed with Shaw?
(a) He did not care what others thought.
(b) He could integrate the complex elements of life.
(c) He was very intelligent.
(d) He developed a good theory of development.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to the discussion in Chapter 2, the process of the ego helps individuals maintain their personalities and what type of fashion?

2. What does Erikson's theory suggest concerning how children gain a sense of what their adult identities should be?

3. How the James decide he could strengthen his ego?

4. What does William James state is discernible in mental or moral attitudes?

5. What does Erikson feel happens when a healthy personality deals with conflict?

Short Essay Questions

1. What does Erikson suggest is immune to the failure of ego synthesis?

2. How do parents trigger transference in the formulation of evil ego identity as children move through Erikson's developmental stages?

3. What does Erikson suggest that historical periods usually offer a limited number of models in order to develop identity?

4. According to Erikson, why is early adolescents signified by feelings of initiative or guilt?

5. What is Erikson suggest that the development of trust or mistrust in the first age and identity development is the cornerstone of an individual's personality?

6. According to Erikson, what is our earliest undifferentiated sense of identity?

7. Considering Erikson's theory of identity development, how does the parent's tendency to remain stuck in adolescents affect youth's identity development?

8. What are some unique characteristics discussed at the beginning of Chapter 4 concerning George Bernard Shaw?

9. What does Erikson feel is significant about the adolescent identity crisis?

10. What is Erikson feel that the process of identity formation is the process of increasing differentiation?

(see the answer keys)

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