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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Why does Erikson state that ideologies have been given a bad name?
(a) They have no baring on identity.
(b) They are open to interpretation.
(c) Because they are only a set of principles.
(d) They are false.

2. Erikson states that we deal with the process located in the core of the individual and where else?
(a) Among his family.
(b) The core of his communal culture.
(c) In his past.
(d) Within himself.

3. That does introjection mean in terms of Erikson's stages of identity development for groups other than the majority?
(a) Think about the future.
(b) Incorporating another's image.
(c) Think about the past.
(d) Explore your identity.

4. What does it mean when the author states, "to review the concept of identity"?
(a) Sketch its history.
(b) Give a lecture.
(c) Write an outline.
(d) Disprove identity.

5. During the third stage of Erikson's theory of development, what may occur if an individual's initiatives or attempts at something continually fail?
(a) Compulsions.
(b) Identity confusion.
(c) Sense of independence.
(d) Sense of guilt.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Erikson feel may have been lost to modernity?

2. What does George Bernard Shaw despise?

3. What does Erikson believe is an intrinsic part of maturation?

4. As discussed in Chapter 1, what first lead to the scientific mythology of the mind?

5. What can reinforce the process of negative identity formation in terms of Erikson's stages of identity development?

Short Essay Questions

1. How do social scientists attempt to narrow the term identity down?

2. What is Erikson suggest that the Western sense of identity has been weakened?

3. What is Erikson feel that the process of identity formation is the process of increasing differentiation?

4. What is Erikson state that he cannot accept Freud's notion that neurotic conflict is not different from normative conflict?

5. According to Erikson, why might it be petty to attempt to define "identity" or "identity crisis"?

6. What is the role of ideologies and identity development?

7. How does Erikson think acute identity confusion manifests?

8. Why might it be reasonable to think pathological and developmental aspects of identity?

9. According to Erikson, what is our earliest undifferentiated sense of identity?

10. What is Erikson use personal communications by two prominent psychologists in his opening discussion of identity?

(see the answer keys)

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