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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does it mean when the author states, "to review the concept of identity"?
(a) Sketch its history.
(b) Disprove identity.
(c) Write an outline.
(d) Give a lecture.

2. During the fourth stage of Erikson's theory of development, what occurs when an individual is successful?
(a) Feelings of guilt.
(b) Feelings of superiority.
(c) Feelings of industry.
(d) Feelings of independence.

3. When does the normative crisis of identity formation occur?
(a) As an adult.
(b) As a toddler.
(c) With mother and baby.
(d) Adolescence.

4. What does Erikson suggest wholeness of the individual is associated with?
(a) Positive psychology.
(b) Equilibrium and health.
(c) Totalitarianism.
(d) The earth.

5. Because of an individual's tendency to define self based on history, what does Erikson think this self-based history leave little room for the individual to create?
(a) New understanding.
(b) New identity.
(c) New traditions.
(d) New support systems.

Short Answer Questions

1. Why does Erikson state that ideologies have been given a bad name?

2. What does Erikson feel may have been lost to modernity?

3. How does Erikson suggest men were able to end the adolescent process?

4. According to Erikson, how long does it take for identity to develop?

5. At what stage in Erikson's theory of development may an individual begin to lose confidence or identity and enter period of listlessness?

Short Essay Questions

1. According to Erikson's discussion in Chapter 4, how might a culture contribute to identity confusion?

2. How does Erikson think acute identity confusion manifests?

3. Why does Erikson suggest that the second stage of identity development is a period of letting go?

4. According to Erikson, what is our earliest undifferentiated sense of identity?

5. How does introjection help the ego grow in Erikson's theory of identity development?

6. What does Erikson suggest is immune to the failure of ego synthesis?

7. What is Erikson state that he cannot accept Freud's notion that neurotic conflict is not different from normative conflict?

8. What is Erikson suggest it is a good thing that the term crisis no longer means solely a bad event?

9. How does Erikson use child training to describe group identity formation?

10. According to Erikson, why might it be petty to attempt to define "identity" or "identity crisis"?

(see the answer keys)

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