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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. A shaman can be open to attacks when what is not present?

2. What element is often reported in many successful guardian spirit journeys?

3. According to the author, restoring power requires restoring or acquiring what?

4. Shamans believe that lethargic, sick adults can be made well by what?

5. On the guided power restoration journey that involves descending down a tunnel, the author cautions against encountering:

Short Essay Questions

1. When was the book Natural Magick written, and what is it about?

2. What might a restless or shocked power animal do?

3. What does a shaman do upon successfully retrieving a power animal for a patient?

4. Describe what the author says about being able to restore power to a patient from a distance.

5. Why does a power animal need to be danced regularly?

6. What is the bone game?

7. What does Harner recommend for novice shamans trying to communicate with guardian spirit animals?

8. What does Harner say about shamanism and synchronicity?

9. What are power objects, and what are they for?

10. In the power restoration exercise presented to the reader in Chapter 5, what typically happens when the participant goes through the tunnel and reaches the Lowerworld?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

The author thoroughly explains numerous details of shamanism, but two areas he doesn't cover in as much detail are how and why shamanism works. Offer your own explanations to fill in the blanks. How do you think shamanism works? Why does it work?

Essay Topic 2

Define, compare, and contrast the shamanic state of consciousness (SSC) and the ordinary state of consciousness (OSC).

Essay Topic 3

When the shaman journeys to the Lowerworld, he or she passes through a portal that has a physical component and an imagined aspect. Both are significant to the shaman. Answer the following:

1. What might the Lowerworld portal look like in ordinary or physical reality?

2. How have different shamans seen the portal in non-ordinary reality?

3. What is the significance of passing through the portal into the Lowerworld?

(see the answer keys)

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