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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Master shamans focus on a triumvirate which is composed of what?
(a) Virtues, strength, and vitality.
(b) Emotions, thoughts, and breath work.
(c) The heart, brain, and lungs.
(d) Knowledge, power, and healing.

2. If SSC stands for shamanic state of consciousness, what does OSC stand for?
(a) Ordinary shamanic consciousness.
(b) Ordinary state of consciousness.
(c) Other-worldly shamanic consciousness.
(d) Orthogonal state of consciousness.

3. What does the Jivaro shaman give to Harner to drink?
(a) The juice of the cacao plant.
(b) A substance made from the datura plant.
(c) Fermented coconut milk.
(d) Water from a mystical underground spring.

4. What does Harner say that middle-class Americans report experiencing on their shamanic attempts?
(a) Colors.
(b) Tunnels.
(c) Euphoria.
(d) Temperature changes.

5. Among other sensations in his experience with the Conibo, Harner experiences a sense of flying inside what?
(a) A mountain.
(b) A water well.
(c) A spaceship.
(d) A zero-gravity orb.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Harner speculate about the mandala?

2. The author emphasizes that not all tribes use what in their shamanic practices?

3. The author shows that all religious traditions share:

4. How might a shaman be distinguished from other medicine men?

5. After Harner is awakened from his maikua trance, what is he given?

Short Essay Questions

1. Harner emphasizes in Chapter 1 that becoming a shaman involves what?

2. Describe the tunnel a shaman utilizes to journey into the Lowerworld.

3. Harner says that apprentice shamans report similarities in how they get out of difficulties. What are some of the difficulties he mentions?

4. Prompted by similarities he found in books and accounts about shamanic experiences, what did Harner decide to do in order to learn more about shamanism?

5. What is the participant of the exercise in Chapter 2 instructed regarding the end of the journey?

6. Describe the spirit helpers known as tsentak.

7. Harner compares rock-seeing to what Western practices?

8. How does a shaman take care of his or her tsentak?

9. Why does the author find it encouraging for Westerners that not all tribes use drugs in their shamanic practices?

10. What are the main functions and activities of a shaman, as described in Chapter 3?

(see the answer keys)

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