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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 3, Shamanism and States of Consciousness.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The author emphasizes that not all tribes use what in their shamanic practices?
(a) Rituals.
(b) Drugs.
(c) Chants.
(d) Shamans.

2. According to the author, who has a guardian spirit, whether recognized or not?
(a) Leaders.
(b) Curanderos.
(c) Shamans.
(d) Everyone.

3. What are the tsentak?
(a) Guides who intervene in emergencies.
(b) Helpers who cause or cure illness.
(c) Mischievous tree sprites.
(d) Spirits who bridge the seen and the unseen.

4. What does the author tell an aspiring shaman to do upon returning from his or her first journey?
(a) Go to sleep.
(b) Immediately stand and walk around.
(c) Drink a glass of water.
(d) Describe the journey aloud.

5. Harner asserts that shamanism has advanced in areas without technological innovations because:
(a) The plant world communicates better with people when there is no technological interference.
(b) These people are neither distracted nor electromagnetically impaired by electronic interference.
(c) Of the need by these people to find ways to deal with survival and health issues.
(d) Technology hasn't erased these people's ability to tap into their intuition.

Short Answer Questions

1. Through numerous examples, the author shows the commonality of experiences by shamans regardless of what?

2. Who does the author quote as an expert on the subject of altered states?

3. It is typical for one or more spirits to help guide the shaman through what?

4. What does Harner compare his near-death experience with the Conibo to?

5. What is the name of the Jivaro shaman Harner works with?

(see the answer key)

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