1. What position does Harner recommend for a beginning shaman learning power restoration techniques?
(a) Lying down.
(b) Kneeling.
(c) Sitting down.
(d) Standing up.

2. Apprentice shamans sometimes report to Harner that they:
(a) Feel a sense of endless falling.
(b) Panic during the experience.
(c) Morph into other forms.
(d) See loved ones who have passed on.

3. How does the author describe his world during a shamanic state of consciousness?
(a) "Simultaneously familiar, unfamiliar, and complete."
(b) "New, and yet familiarly ancient universe."
(c) "Mildly disturbing, and an incredible trip."
(d) "Marvelous, infinite, otherworldly."

4. In the exercise Harner gives the reader for dancing one's animal guardian spirit, what is the participant asked to do?
(a) Drum vigorously for six minutes.
(b) Shake rattles in six directions.
(c) Wear a mask of the animal being summoned.
(d) Visualize the animal that is sought.

5. Which of the following is NOT a purpose for entering a shamanic state of consciousness?
(a) Retrieving power animals.
(b) Healing illnesses.
(c) Exploration.
(d) Betrayal.

Short Answer Questions

1. Why does Harner say it's important that the shaman does not tell the patient's family that he already has the ordinary form of the spirit in his mouth?

2. A restless power animal may develop what?

3. What do anthropologists refer to as divination?

4. Harner asserts that shamanism has advanced in areas without technological innovations because:

5. Harner indicates that a tonal animal is linked to someone's fate in what?

(see the answer key)

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