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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.
Short Answer Questions
1. Which of the following does NOT help a shaman enter a shamanic state of consciousness?
2. Why might a shaman work in darkness?
3. The author states that the humility in shamanism lies in what?
4. It is typical for one or more spirits to help guide the shaman through what?
5. In rock-seeing, a shaman takes two rocks, sits with them, poses a question, and then examines the stones for what?
Short Essay Questions
1. Prompted by similarities he found in books and accounts about shamanic experiences, what did Harner decide to do in order to learn more about shamanism?
2. What are other names the author mentions for guardian spirits, and what cultures call them by these alternate names?
3. What are some of the similarities Harner notes in first-hand shamanic experiences reported by middle-class Americans?
4. What is the practice of rock-seeing?
5. Discuss what Harner says about the humility of shamanism?
6. How and why is a shamanic state of consciousness (SSC) achieved?
7. Describe Harner's journey with Akachu.
8. Describe the roles of drumming and rattling in a shaman's work.
9. Who is Akachu, and how does he help Harner?
10. Harner says that apprentice shamans report similarities in how they get out of difficulties. What are some of the difficulties he mentions?
Essay Topics
Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:
Essay Topic 1
In the past, and even today, some traditional world religions look unfavorably upon shamanism. Explain what some traditional religions believe about shamanistic practices. How might world cultures advance if greater tolerance and acceptance was practiced towards shamanic peoples? Explain and support your answer.
Essay Topic 2
Explain the role of guardian spirits, spirit helpers, and power animals. Do you feel there is a significant difference between these entities? How do they differ? In what ways are they similar? Cite three separate instances showing when a shaman would call upon one particular entity over the other two.
Essay Topic 3
Harner asserts that the less technologically advanced a society is, the more advanced it is in its shamanic practices. Do you feel his assessment is accurate? Why or why not? Supply examples to support your argument.
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This section contains 864 words (approx. 3 pages at 300 words per page) |
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