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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does the publisher of Schopenhauer's book eventually tell him?

2. What becomes the Gospel on which Nietzsche's other works comment?

3. What method does Kant use to remind theology that substance, cause, and necessity are finite categories?

4. Why does Nietzsche claim that morality and theology must be reconstructed?

5. What does Nietzsche he write about in Thus Spake Zarathustra?

Short Essay Questions

1. What is the value Kant sees of the Bible and the churches?

2. Briefly discuss Bergson's idea of creative evolution.

3. Define the contrast between Bergson and Croce.

4. How does Nietzsche show his attitude toward religion?

5. What does Nietzsche's first and only completed book prove?

6. What is the implication of Schopenhauer's claim that the world is his idea in his book, The World as Will and Idea?

7. Analyzing religious ideas in First Principles, what does Spencer conclude?

8. How does Kant respond after reading Berkeley, Hume, and Rousseau?

9. How does Nietzsche see Christian theology in his day?

10. Briefly describe Spencer's formula of evolution.

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Write an essay on education. Begin with Socrates, Plato's Academy, and Aristotle's Lyceum. Analyze why these were so successful because the select students were there from self-motivation. Include Dewey's vocational education idea. Then give your opinion of education today.

Essay Topic 2

Write an essay on religious faith, agnosticism, and atheism. In your essay define each and give examples of philosophers who fit each category. Express your opinion about where you stand on the issue.

Essay Topic 3

Write an essay on philosopher-kings. Include in your essay the way proponents of philosopher-kings probably saw themselves as able to govern justly. Explain why the theory that sounds well never worked well in reality.

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