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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Herbert Spencer.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does Voltaire include in his histories?
(a) customs and not laws
(b) people and not dates
(c) art and not science
(d) society, not just wars

2. What is one result of Aristotle's prolific output of writing?
(a) a large amount of errors
(b) a need to build larger libraries
(c) a definitive answer to all philosophical questions
(d) an error free reference library

3. What does Spencer label as the art of methodical self-confusion?
(a) metaphysics
(b) frenology
(c) scientology
(d) psychology

4. What, according to Schopenhauer, is the only way to convince someone?
(a) appealing to reason
(b) applying force
(c) applying philosophy
(d) appealing to self-interest

5. What does Bacon call for elimination in his philosophy?
(a) public education
(b) several errors he calls idols
(c) the model of the philosopher king
(d) a private banking system

Short Answer Questions

1. What does the King of Syracuse learn that causes him to cancel his invitation to Plato to organize Utopia?

2. To answer Rousseau, what satirical story does Voltaire write about the best of all possible worlds?

3. What early 19th century philosopher is included in a group of pessimists, poets and composers considered the voices of the age?

4. What is lacking in Aristotle's philosophy that is so evident in Plato's?

5. What are the second and third volumes of Spencer's work in 1872?

(see the answer key)

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