View a FREE sample

This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Where does Spencer say that Religion is central?
(a) in the life of rural communities
(b) in the life of clerics
(c) in the life of advanced civilization
(d) in the life of primitive civilization

2. Why does Nietzsche claim that morality and theology must be reconstructed?
(a) to fit the growth of evolutionary theory
(b) to upgrade the language
(c) to make it more appealing
(d) to give it more importance

3. How does Schopenhauer say people rationalize the things they acquire?
(a) only wanting things that have a built in reason
(b) a need to keep current in a changing world
(c) reasons are found after getting what is wanted or willed
(d) reasons are manufactured to suit the climate

4. What does Spencer label as the art of methodical self-confusion?
(a) scientology
(b) metaphysics
(c) psychology
(d) frenology

5. What does Kant insist must be absolute and derived only from the inner self by direct perception and intuition?
(a) the theological basis for religion
(b) the moral basis of religion
(c) the miraculous basis for religion
(d) the scientific basis for religion

6. How does the German Bismarck eliminate Europe's delusions, democracy, and ideals?
(a) recognizing that nations have different philosophies
(b) recognizing that nations now aid one another
(c) recognizing that nations do not share altruism
(d) recognizing that nations are not autonimous.

7. What is the distinction of his book, The Birth of Tragedy out of the Spirit of Music?
(a) it is translated into 30 languages
(b) it is his first and only
(c) it sold out in three weeks
(d) it defines classic tragedy

8. What does Russell conclude is too big for his mathematical formulas?
(a) the world
(b) philosophy
(c) the differences between cultures
(d) space

9. What concept does Spencer share with Schopenhauer?
(a) human effort is futile
(b) philosophy is an illusion
(c) everything is chaos
(d) reality cannot be determined

10. Who is the author of Time and Free-will?
(a) Henri Bergson
(b) Descartes
(c) Spencer
(d) Schopenhauer

11. What does Kant set out to prove is innate and does not come from experience?
(a) moral sense
(b) common sense
(c) religious sense
(d) directional sense

12. What are the second and third volumes of Spencer's work in 1872?
(a) The Evolution of Species
(b) The Evolution of Life
(c) The Evolution of Thought
(d) The Evolution of Science

13. What does Spencer affirm that needs centralization, government power, apathy and individual subordination?
(a) democracy
(b) regulation
(c) socialism
(d) legalism

14. What does Schopenhauer say the intellect does but the will does not?
(a) reads and needs instruction
(b) talks and needs listeners
(c) tires and needs sleep
(d) works and needs direction

15. What does Schopenhauer see as the cause of strife and misery?
(a) the will
(b) religion
(c) ideas
(d) wars

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Schopenhauer suggest is a deception of nature that disillusions?

2. How is Nietzsche found after he suffers a fit of apoplexy?

3. What does Kant classify as a result of an oligarchic constitution wherein the spoils of war go to a greedy few?

4. To what does Schopenhauer agree a priori?

5. What does Spencer comment on long before Darwin's theory of natural selection becomes popular by the end of the 1800s?

(see the answer keys)

This section contains 570 words (approx. 2 pages at 300 words per page) View a FREE sample