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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What bold denial of Kant's is based on reduction of religion to moral faith and hope?
(a) the denial of rational theology
(b) the denial of logical theology
(c) the denial of pantheology
(d) the denial of inspired theology

2. With what famous composer does does Nietzsche study the piano?
(a) Chopin
(b) Richard Wagner
(c) Johan Sebastian Bach
(d) Vivaldi

3. What does Nietzsche claim causes fulfillment of woman and narrowing of man?
(a) children
(b) marriage
(c) charitable deeds
(d) education

4. What is the result of Spencer's considering philosophy a generalization of all science?
(a) a positivist movement
(b) a rationalization
(c) a definable reality
(d) a scientific method

5. Why does Schopenhauer's book receive little attention at first?
(a) Europe is too poor and exhausted to read about its own condition
(b) nobody recognizes the name of Schopenhauer
(c) the publisher prints only a few copies
(d) people have grown tired of reading philosophies

6. What does Schopenhauer suggest is a deception of nature that disillusions?
(a) love and marriage
(b) beauty and happiness
(c) marriage and happiness
(d) education and marriage

7. What concept does Spencer share with Schopenhauer?
(a) reality cannot be determined
(b) everything is chaos
(c) philosophy is an illusion
(d) human effort is futile

8. What is the distinction of his book, The Birth of Tragedy out of the Spirit of Music?
(a) it sold out in three weeks
(b) it is his first and only
(c) it defines classic tragedy
(d) it is translated into 30 languages

9. What is the irony of Kant's quiet Prussian life relative to Voltaire's Parisian life?
(a) both of them live in exile
(b) both of them get into trouble with their governments
(c) both of them become quite wealthy
(d) both of them lack credibility in their day

10. Why does Russell visit Russia?
(a) to discuss politics
(b) for a first-hand view of a socialist society
(c) for his health
(d) to talk with the common people

11. Why does Nietzsche claim that morality and theology must be reconstructed?
(a) to give it more importance
(b) to make it more appealing
(c) to upgrade the language
(d) to fit the growth of evolutionary theory

12. Where does Schopenhauer go to write a doctoral dissertation in philosophy?
(a) the country
(b) the library
(c) the monastery
(d) the university

13. What is Benedetto Croce's first book about?
(a) materialism as a mature method of thought
(b) the war of 1914
(c) social order during wartime
(d) the economics of Karl Marx

14. Without what does Kant say sensations cannot become perceptions?
(a) action and reaction
(b) hot and cold
(c) space and time
(d) time and energy

15. What contemporary philosophers does Durant discuss in this chapter?
(a) Edgar Cayce and Roger Miller
(b) Descarte and Molier
(c) Churchill and Washington Irving
(d) Bergson, Croce and Bertrand Russell

Short Answer Questions

1. How does Kant classify an action done in accord with one's inner sense of duty?

2. What affects Schopenhauer as he travels through France and Austria?

3. What early 19th century philosopher is included in a group of pessimists, poets and composers considered the voices of the age?

4. What does Russell conclude is too big for his mathematical formulas?

5. What work of Spencer's theorizes that all ultimate religious ideas eventually become logically inconceivable?

(see the answer keys)

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