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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. At first, what medium does Voltaire use to give humorous expression to his ideas?
(a) essays
(b) short novels
(c) short plays
(d) anonymous letters

2. Although science and philosophy exists in Greece before their times, who were the teachers who greatly advanced the fields?
(a) Playto and Prothagorus
(b) Aristotle and Onassis
(c) Aristotle and Socrates
(d) Socrates and Plato

3. What event makes the rival schools of Stoicism and Epicureanism split philosophically?
(a) the arrival of missionaries from the East
(b) the resurgance of Judaism
(c) the Romans' arrival in 46 B.C.
(d) the disintegration of public infrastructures

4. What does Voltaire include in his histories?
(a) art and not science
(b) society, not just wars
(c) customs and not laws
(d) people and not dates

5. When does Plato return to Athens and begin to write?
(a) at the age of twenty-eight when Socrates dies
(b) at the age of forty in 387 B.C.
(c) at the age of fifty in 397 B. C.
(d) at the age of thirty while touring the middle east

6. What are the only three things worthwhile in Plato's ethical solution?
(a) philosophy, music, poetry
(b) beauty, athleticism, education
(c) justice, truth, beauty
(d) travel, study, rhetoric

7. What does Bacon call for elimination in his philosophy?
(a) several errors he calls idols
(b) a private banking system
(c) the model of the philosopher king
(d) public education

8. What is the foundation of Plato's Republic?
(a) creating contributing classes of people
(b) putting the state in a subservient position
(c) destroying individuality for an idealized state
(d) allowing individuality to flourish

9. What does the King of Syracuse learn that causes him to cancel his invitation to Plato to organize Utopia?
(a) that he will have to work for a living
(b) that Plato is unpopular in Athens
(c) that he must leave his throne
(d) that he must share his wealth

10. What does Plato say early education should do?
(a) teach logistics
(b) indoctrinate
(c) form good habits
(d) only amuse

11. When is Plato born?
(a) Ca 400 B. C.
(b) in the second century B. C.
(c) in the first century B. C.
(d) in the fourth century B.C.

12. What does Aristotle devise to integrate the particular with the universal?
(a) metaphysical examination
(b) the syllogism
(c) the Aristotlean Method
(d) sophistry

13. What is one result of Aristotle's prolific output of writing?
(a) a need to build larger libraries
(b) an error free reference library
(c) a large amount of errors
(d) a definitive answer to all philosophical questions

14. Why does Spinoza say an allegorical interpretation of the Bible allows it to be?
(a) not a great mystery
(b) not difficult to understand
(c) not a book of rules and regulations
(d) not contrary to reason

15. Who in Voltaire's life is the young wife of a French Marquis who is away with his regiment?
(a) his neice
(b) his secretary
(c) his mistress
(d) his muse

Short Answer Questions

1. Who are Francis Bacon's relative that cause it to be said that his political career began at his birth in 1561?

2. What biological notion does Aristotle reject?

3. What does Voltaire's father tell him will come from an education in literature?

4. What do the concepts of praise or blame indicate according to Aristotle?

5. What new philosophy uses faith and reason to force acceptance of untried assumptions and conclusions?

(see the answer keys)

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