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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Voltaire and the French Enlightenment.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Who are Francis Bacon's relative that cause it to be said that his political career began at his birth in 1561?
(a) pretenders to the English throne
(b) well-placed English aristocrats
(c) aristocrats from Spain and the Netherlands
(d) leaders of the Church of England

2. What does Spinoza say a literal interpretation of the Bible does?
(a) opens the Bible to errors
(b) makes it easy to understand
(c) gives no scientific evidence
(d) gives it broader meaning

3. What does Spinoza call the highest knowledge of universal unity?
(a) the lessons from philosophers of the past
(b) the educated answers to philosophical questions
(c) the intellectual equivalent of the love of God
(d) understanding the influence of the stars

4. What, according to Spinoza, is scripture intended to promote?
(a) devotion rather than to reason
(b) reason over superstition
(c) clarity rather than confusion
(d) literature rather than science

5. What does Bacon suggest should be observed similar to Machiavellian philosophy?
(a) the futility of the aristocratic form of government
(b) who has the most power
(c) how to discipline the masses
(d) what men do rather than what they should do

Short Answer Questions

1. What does the Roman empire eventually become?

2. What is something Voltaire is noted for with his critics?

3. What does Voltaire's father tell him will come from an education in literature?

4. What do the concepts of praise or blame indicate according to Aristotle?

5. What does Aristotle teach at the Lyceum?

(see the answer key)

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