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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Reducing everything through the Socratic Method, what do Socrates and Cephalus agree to discuss?
(a) the meaning of happiness
(b) the meaning of justice
(c) the meaning of war
(d) the meaning of philosophy

2. What does Spinoza's Ethic do with Buddhism and Christianity, the philosophy of Machiavelli and Nietzsche, and the democracy of the Greeks?
(a) throws them out in favor of his own ideas
(b) keeps them separate for different ethnic groups
(c) integrates and reconciles all three ethical systems
(d) takes only bits and pieces from each

3. What does Socrates ask Cephalus to define?
(a) the blessing he receives from education
(b) the meaning of the word moral
(c) the greatest blessing he receives from wealth
(d) the best form of government

4. By the thirteenth century A. D., how does the Church unite the European continent?
(a) by common faith and supernatural sanctions
(b) by persecution of heresy
(c) by common language and desires
(d) by millitancy and fear

5. Where do metaphysics and the nature of God fit into Aristotle's curriculum?
(a) his theology
(b) his biology
(c) his rhetoric
(d) his mathematics

Short Answer Questions

1. What do the concepts of praise or blame indicate according to Aristotle?

2. To what does Spinoza change his Jewish given name?

3. What does the King of Syracuse learn that causes him to cancel his invitation to Plato to organize Utopia?

4. Where is Francois Arouet when he starts using the pen name, Voltaire?

5. At what age does Plato advocate taking children from their parents to avoid learning bad habits?

Short Essay Questions

1. How does Plato see population as a political problem of war that can be controlled?

2. How does Plato state the cause of political problems in the world?

3. How does Spinoza's education come from questions he wants answers to?

4. Briefly describe Plato's ideal rulers.

5. Why is Aristotle's philosophy often criticized as dry and uninteresting?

6. How is Bacon's philosophy comparable to Plato's?

7. Describe Spinoza's identification of three ethical systems.

8. How does Voltaire research his writing?

9. How can Voltaire's life be compared to that of socrates?

10. Describe the mathematical form of Spinoza's approach to his philosophy.

(see the answer keys)

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