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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What hypothetical estimate of frequency suggests equal distribution, normally based on considerations of symmetry?

2. What is metaphysical unless made to be falsifiable?

3. What will classes with greater dimensions have?

4. What is able to refute portions of old theories?

5. What view of probability depends on inductive logic?

Short Essay Questions

1. What is the basis of the wave theory used by Schrödinger?

2. What does Popper suggest about hypothetical assumptions in his discussion on inductivists?

3. How does falsifiability relate to the dimensions of a statement under investigation?

4. Why do falsifiable statements hold the greatest promise for science?

5. What rule does Popper use when discussing the importance of probability in terms of physics?

6. What does Popper say about simplicity and the philosophers who emphasize its importance?

7. Using Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle, what does Popper attempt to prove?

8. What is the position taken to make the argument for sample selection in research?

9. How is differentiation possible between theories whose differences are small and difficult to calculate?

10. Why does Popper feel that intersubjective objectivity must be applied to statistical statements?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Regarding the protocol of sentences, compare and contrast the following scientist's views: Reininger, Carnap, and Neurath. Which does Popper agree with? Explain you answer using examples as support.

Essay Topic 2

In an essay, discuss why theories that suggest causality can only be deductive. Provide reasoning and examples for your answer.

Essay Topic 3

Compare and contrast strict and numerical universality. What place does each have in research? Is one more efficient or useful than another? Explain your answer.

(see the answer keys)

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