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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How do conventionalists define simplicity?
(a) As a unified practice.
(b) As a means to an end.
(c) Unpractical.
(d) Aesthetic and practical.

2. According to von Mises, what occurs to the frequencies of events when event sequences become longer?
(a) They become equal.
(b) They decrease at the same rate.
(c) They develop an inverse relationship.
(d) They increase at the same rate.

3. What is the most significant factor when selecting a theory?
(a) Previous research.
(b) The degree of testability.
(c) The understandability.
(d) Its universality.

4. What relationships does Popper explore in chapter 8?
(a) Probability and scientific fact.
(b) Probability and simplicity.
(c) Probability and experience.
(d) Probability and assumptions.

5. What do the fractions between 0 and 1 represent?
(a) Tautological methods.
(b) Justification.
(c) Metaphysical numbers.
(d) Falsifiability.

Short Answer Questions

1. What increases with the increase of the degrees of falsifiability?

2. What theory suggests that simplicity is expected to achieve a law-like regularity of events?

3. Who does Popper feel has been unsuccessful in purging atomic science of metaphysical influences?

4. What is shown to be equal in issues relating to power of classes?

5. What does Popper feel about an axiom in relations of von Mises view of an axiom of randomness?

Short Essay Questions

1. How is logical probability represented?

2. What does Popper believe regarding the logical proximity of a theory to empirical statements?

3. What does Popper suggest about corroborations?

4. What role does simplicity play in theories of inductive logic?

5. What are the two main sources for hypothetical estimates of frequencies with regard to infinite empirical sequences?

6. How is differentiation possible between theories whose differences are small and difficult to calculate?

7. What does Popper suggest about hypothetical assumptions in his discussion on inductivists?

8. How is the theory of chance solved?

9. What is the concern with using infinite sequences?

10. What rule does Popper use when discussing the importance of probability in terms of physics?

(see the answer keys)

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