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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What theory does Heisenberg begin this investigation with?
(a) Wave theory.
(b) Light theory.
(c) Sound theory.
(d) Particle theory.

2. What does Popper equate simplicity with?
(a) Conventionalism.
(b) Psychology.
(c) Falsifiability.
(d) Empiricism.

3. What is determined by obscuring a logical connection between statistical and non-statistical interpretations, with regard to uncertainty theory?
(a) A logical basis.
(b) A mental basis.
(c) A physical basis.
(d) A metaphysical basis.

4. If two statements have equal logical content what must also be equal?
(a) Their justification.
(b) Their logical probability.
(c) Their inductive reasoning.
(d) Empirical content.

5. What does Popper thinks about Wittgenstein, Schlick, and Feigl's thoughts on simplicity as a basic law?
(a) It should include probability.
(b) It cannot be tested.
(c) It fully explains the law.
(d) It misses crucial points.

6. Who does Popper suggest works in probabilistic logic to determine the probability of a hypothesis?
(a) Positivist.
(b) Inductivists.
(c) Metaphysicists.
(d) Conventionalists.

7. What key component of Popper's view does not equate to truth?
(a) Universal statements.
(b) Logic.
(c) Falsifiability.
(d) Corroboration.

8. What does Popper claim can never be probable?
(a) Theories.
(b) Laws.
(c) Hypothetical assumptions.
(d) Nature.

9. What does Popper feel about normally attained simplicity?
(a) It is logical.
(b) It serves to provide a justification.
(c) It is untenable.
(d) It is too subjective.

10. What theory attempted to eliminate unobservable events?
(a) Einstein's theory of probability.
(b) The Bohr Model.
(c) Newton's theory of gravity.
(d) Heisenberg's uncertainty principle.

11. What relationships does Popper explore in chapter 8?
(a) Probability and simplicity.
(b) Probability and assumptions.
(c) Probability and experience.
(d) Probability and scientific fact.

12. What does Popper call his probability theory?
(a) Modified frequency theory.
(b) Subjective frequency theory.
(c) Objective frequency theory.
(d) Normative frequency theory.

13. What does Popper refer to as complex in the highest degree?
(a) Simplicity.
(b) A concept.
(c) Practicality.
(d) A system.

14. According to Popper, since measurement can be altered what does that say about using measurement in science?
(a) It cannot be used as a basis for prediction.
(b) Measurement is not valid.
(c) Measurement is reliable.
(d) It should be used as a basis for prediction.

15. What type of content is considered valuable according to Popper?
(a) High metaphysical content.
(b) High empirical content.
(c) Low metaphysical content.
(d) Low empirical content.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who does Popper feel has been unsuccessful in purging atomic science of metaphysical influences?

2. What should researchers abstain from doing with regard to the probabilities of their research?

3. What type of numerical interpretation requires that probabilities be only expressed as frequencies?

4. What is the central question Popper poses for theories?

5. According to many theorists, what gives meaning to classes of events?

(see the answer keys)

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