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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is the result, according to Popper, when inductive logic is used?
(a) Infinite regress.
(b) Falsifiable theories.
(c) Finite regress.
(d) Statistical significance.

2. Why does Popper find Heisenberg's lack of logic and statistical testing disturbing?
(a) It lacks scientific validity.
(b) The theory is not logical without these factors.
(c) It lacks original thought.
(d) The theory is metaphysical without these factors.

3. What law suffers from the metaphysics of induction?
(a) The law of nature.
(b) The law of gravity.
(c) The law of science.
(d) The law of causality.

4. What type of content is considered valuable according to Popper?
(a) Low metaphysical content.
(b) High empirical content.
(c) Low empirical content.
(d) High metaphysical content.

5. What is the most significant factor when selecting a theory?
(a) Previous research.
(b) The degree of testability.
(c) Its universality.
(d) The understandability.

6. In order to validate his theory, what does Popper categorize regarding frequency theory?
(a) Finite sequences.
(b) Alternative sequences.
(c) Random sequences.
(d) Continuing sequences.

7. According to von Mises, what occurs to the frequencies of events when event sequences become longer?
(a) They develop an inverse relationship.
(b) They decrease at the same rate.
(c) They increase at the same rate.
(d) They become equal.

8. What does Popper eliminate from the common frequency theory by using mathematical and narrative approaches?
(a) Chance.
(b) Axioms of convergence.
(c) Subjectivity.
(d) Doubt.

9. What is shown to be equal in issues relating to power of classes?
(a) Class dimensions.
(b) Testability.
(c) Power.
(d) Falsifiers.

10. According to many theorists, what gives meaning to classes of events?
(a) Subclass events.
(b) Power.
(c) Class dimensions.
(d) Testability.

11. What should researchers abstain from doing with regard to the probabilities of their research?
(a) Using determinants.
(b) Basing research on assumptions.
(c) Referring to logic.
(d) Issuing prohibitions.

12. What does Popper say about the number of possible events with regard to testability?
(a) They are limited by the theory.
(b) They are finite.
(c) They are infinite.
(d) They are not limited unless proven otherwise.

13. What does Popper assume is a main characteristic of quantum theory formula?
(a) It is subject to time.
(b) It is a probability hypothesis.
(c) It is dependent on the number of particles present.
(d) It has definitive answers.

14. Who does Popper suggest works in probabilistic logic to determine the probability of a hypothesis?
(a) Conventionalists.
(b) Metaphysicists.
(c) Inductivists.
(d) Positivist.

15. If two statements have equal logical content what must also be equal?
(a) Empirical content.
(b) Their justification.
(c) Their inductive reasoning.
(d) Their logical probability.

Short Answer Questions

1. By seeking the highest degree of universality and precision, what type of content results?

2. What is metaphysical unless made to be falsifiable?

3. What leads to scientific advances?

4. In addition to theories not being falsifiable, what else does Popper say about theories?

5. What does Popper claim can never be probable?

(see the answer keys)

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