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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. To what does Popper equate critical thinking?
(a) Common sense.
(b) Rational attitude.
(c) Inductive thinking.
(d) Deductive thinking.

2. What is the theory of theories?
(a) System of theories.
(b) Existential statements.
(c) Causality.
(d) The logic of science.

3. From what does a theoretical system arise?
(a) Conventions.
(b) Axioms.
(c) Universal statements.
(d) Contradictions.

4. What does Popper consider existential statements to be?
(a) Logical.
(b) Metaphysical.
(c) Tautological.
(d) Concrete.

5. What should guide the methods of testing scientific statements?
(a) Logic.
(b) Psychology.
(c) Epistemology.
(d) Physics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is the reason Popper rejects psychologism?

2. What happens when theories are refined?

3. What is diametrically opposed to the critical attitude required of a scientist?

4. What types of statements have no logical justification in which to draw conclusions?

5. How does deductive reasoning begin?

Short Essay Questions

1. How does metaphysics factor into the scientific process?

2. What are three characteristics of theories?

3. How do methodological rules differ from logical or deductive rules?

4. What must an experimenter do in order to test a theory?

5. What does breaking the investigation of the chain of logical reasoning into steps allow Popper to do?

6. According to Popper, what should epistemology do?

7. Why does Popper discredit the conventionalist view of science?

8. What is the task of the logic of scientific discovery?

9. What is Fries' trilemma?

10. Why does Popper state that observability is not psychological?

(see the answer keys)

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