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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does Popper fear philosophers will think about methodological investigations?
(a) There is no substance in them.
(b) They do not belong to philosophy.
(c) They contradict years of thought.
(d) They do not work.

2. What does Popper say about positivism?
(a) It is based on invalid assumptions.
(b) It is a clear way of thinking.
(c) It is based on scientific data.
(d) It is too narrow, limited, and misguided.

3. What type of reasoning, according to Popper, is not rational?
(a) Scientific.
(b) Inductive.
(c) Testable.
(d) Deductive.

4. How do conventionalists view Poppers beliefs on the underpinnings of new discoveries?
(a) Unwarranted.
(b) Good judgment.
(c) Logical.
(d) A collapse of science.

5. How must scientific statements be tested?
(a) By their deductive consequences.
(b) Systematically.
(c) Logically.
(d) By their inductive consequences.

Short Answer Questions

1. What allows for considerations of whether a theory is falsifiable?

2. What does the first rule of logic do?

3. What deductive tests determine if a theory is a scientific advance?

4. What type of hypotheses does Popper warn against?

5. Popper feels the principle of causality is not falsifiable and therefore regards it as what?

Short Essay Questions

1. What is the task of the logic of scientific discovery?

2. How is a naturalistic view constraining to scientific thought?

3. What must be assumed to justify a universal statement?

4. How does metaphysics factor into the scientific process?

5. What is the distinction between universal statements and singular statements?

6. What are the two conditions that must be met for a statement to be falsifiable?

7. What is the conventionalist view of science?

8. What is the purpose of empirical systems being consistent and falsifiable?

9. What is Fries' trilemma?

10. How is causality related to tautological arguments?

(see the answer keys)

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