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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What type of reasoning does Popper deny exists?

2. What does Popper states the "game of science" is?

3. Popper feels the principle of causality is not falsifiable and therefore regards it as what?

4. What is diametrically opposed to the critical attitude required of a scientist?

5. What does Popper admit is a problem with scientific investigations?

Short Essay Questions

1. Popper states that scientific statements cannot be conclusively disproved. If this is the case what can be determined with these statements?

2. What argument does Popper present against conventionalists and positivists regarding the testing of a theory?

3. What must be assumed to justify a universal statement?

4. How does metaphysics factor into the scientific process?

5. How is a naturalistic view constraining to scientific thought?

6. What is the distinction between universal statements and singular statements?

7. What does Popper state is not the goal of science?

8. What is the benefit of singular statements?

9. Why does Popper view positivism as narrow, limited, and misguided?

10. Why does Popper discredit the conventionalist view of science?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Regarding the protocol of sentences, compare and contrast the following scientist's views: Reininger, Carnap, and Neurath. Which does Popper agree with? Explain you answer using examples as support.

Essay Topic 2

In Popper's discussion on simplicity, he mentions ad hoc hypotheses. Describe in detail what an ad hoc hypothesis is. Can it be used in this framework? Why or why not? What is the purpose of the ad hoc hypotheses? Provide support for you answers from the readings.

Essay Topic 3

Compare and contrast strict and numerical universality. What place does each have in research? Is one more efficient or useful than another? Explain your answer.

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