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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What types of statements have no logical justification in which to draw conclusions?
(a) Inferential.
(b) Logical.
(c) Singular.
(d) Circular.

2. What type of rule do positivists and reductionists adhere to, according to Popper?
(a) Non-logical rules.
(b) Logical rules.
(c) Rules of Psychology.
(d) Dogmatic rules.

3. What are the boundaries of conditions?
(a) Physical and metaphysical.
(b) Truth and falsehood.
(c) Theory and proof.
(d) Logic and non-logic.

4. What type of reasoning does Popper believe inductive reasoning is?
(a) Metaphysical.
(b) Rational.
(c) Scientific.
(d) Philosophical.

5. From what does methodological rule differ?
(a) Rules of truth.
(b) Rules of science.
(c) Rules of logic.
(d) Rules of sustainability.

6. Popper feels the principle of causality is not falsifiable and therefore regards it as what?
(a) Empirical.
(b) Metaphysical.
(c) Physical.
(d) Tautological.

7. What type of reasoning does Popper deny exists?
(a) Deductive.
(b) Inductive.
(c) Testable.
(d) Scientific.

8. For a theory to be falsifiable, what must it prohibit?
(a) At least one occurrence.
(b) Logic.
(c) Conventionalism.
(d) Previous theories.

9. What does Popper give credit to conventionalism for doing?
(a) Linking theory to experiment.
(b) Blind acceptance of logic.
(c) Offering differing opinions.
(d) Adapting to varying conditions.

10. What challenges Poppers use of falsification as criteria in deciding is a theoretical system is empirical?
(a) Theoretical experiments.
(b) Competence.
(c) Conventionalism.
(d) Construction of Nature.

11. What type of hypotheses does Popper warn against?
(a) Auxiliary hypotheses.
(b) Proven hypotheses.
(c) Universal hypotheses.
(d) Initial hypotheses.

12. What does Popper fear philosophers will think about methodological investigations?
(a) They contradict years of thought.
(b) There is no substance in them.
(c) They do not belong to philosophy.
(d) They do not work.

13. Popper rejects perceptions because they tie into what type of principles?
(a) Inductive.
(b) Deductive.
(c) Metaphysical.
(d) Logical.

14. What is the concept of simplicity a part of according to Popper?
(a) Logical reasoning.
(b) Metaphysical logic.
(c) Framework of induction.
(d) Infinite regress.

15. What is a precondition for rational consideration?
(a) Falsification.
(b) Objectivity.
(c) Justification.
(d) Subjectivity.

Short Answer Questions

1. How does deductive reasoning begin?

2. What method does Popper say applies to science and is important to the theory of knowledge?

3. In order to be true statements of science, what characteristic must these statements have?

4. What is used to capture and explain the world?

5. What should guide the methods of testing scientific statements?

(see the answer keys)

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