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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to Plutarch, what was the difference in political support between "The Roman Brothers" and "The Spartans"?

2. What did Plutarch claim that Caius had to overcome before he was elected to tribune?

3. In the comparison of Tiberius and Caius Gracchus (henceforth identified here as "The Roman Brothers") with Agis and Cleomenes ("The Spartans"), how does Plutarch refer to Tiberius and Caius as a unit?

4. How did Tiberius finally push his land reform law through the Senate, according to Plutarch?

5. What is the first difference that Plutarch found between Demetrius and Antony?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why does Plutarch claim that Dion was banished from the court of young Dionysius?

2. What steps did Plutarch describe that gave Tiberius the ability to pass his land reform laws?

3. Why does Plutarch suggest Caesar showed favor to Brutus despite Brutus siding with Pompey during the civil war with Caesar?

4. According to Plutarch, why did Atarus leave Sicyon to grow up and get educated in Argos?

5. How did Antony inspire a revolt against the assassins of Caesar, according to Plutarch?

6. Why does Plutarch report that Artaxerxes had his son, Darius, executed?

7. What does Plutarch report to be the condition of Rome as Tiberius began his political career in Rome?

8. Why does Plutarch claim that Philip had Atarus poisoned?

9. What does Plutarch claim Atarus did to free Sicyon from the tyrant Nicocles?

10. What did Plutarch consider to be the difference between the several wives that Demetrius took as opposed to Antony taking up with Cleopatra?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Compare and contrast Sertorius and Eumenes based upon their career tracks to becoming generals, their views of war, and the ways they died. Use details and quotes as they were reported by Plutarch.

Essay Topic 2

Artaxerxes faced family challenges from his brother and even his sons. Compare his brother's challenge against his inheriting the throne to the conspiracy of Artaxerxes' son, Darious, and the turmoil Ochus brought to his brothers to earn the right to inherit the throne. In the comparison, detail Artaxerxes' responses to the challenges and how each challenger adjusted their tactics to attempt to take Artaxerxes' crown.

Essay Topic 3

Plutarch was born a Greek, and as an adult became a Roman Citizen. He wrote during the First Century, A.D., while the Roman Empire was still in its ascendancy. Give details of how Plutarch's background and citizenship influenced his choice of historical figures for which to write biographies, the events he chose to cover, and how he characterized the cities and citizens that were affected by these figures.

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