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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to Plutarch, when did Phocion rise to power in Athens?

2. From whom did Phocion learn of the military during his youth, according to Plutarch?

3. Who was the Persian King that Plutarch reported Alexander defeated on his expedition to India?

4. What five qualities does Plutarch claim that Sertorius possessed in greater qualities than the other generals to whom Plutarch compared him?

5. What does Plutarch report of Cato during this civil war?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why does Plutarch claim Caesar left Rome while he was a young man?

2. What does Plutarch claim Cleomenes did to prevent the political turmoil that overtook Agis?

3. What kind of commander did Plutarch consider Sertorius to be, and where did he fight and defeat Pompey?

4. What was the primary objective of Agis as King of the Spartans according to Plutarch?

5. What does Plutarch identify as the cause of Alexander turning against his father, Philip?

6. How did Plutarch report the death of Cato?

7. What skill did Plutarch claim Caesar used to start building political influence in the Senate?

8. Plutarch reports that Phocion had a continuously frowning look, what is a summary of Phocions quote to Chare when he remarked on his countenance?

9. How does Plutarch report that Caesar was assassinated?

10. Why did Plutarch consider Agesilaus a better general than Pompey?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Dion was a Greek who studied Plato's philosophy against tyranny. Even though he earned the favor of tyrannical King Dionysius I, he fell out of favor with the supporters of his son, Donysius II. Explain what philosophies that Dion was sharing with Dionysius II and why his supporters would want to end Dion's influence.

Essay Topic 2

Plutarch's biography of Alexander gave explicit details of how Alexander was supposedly a demigod and Plutarch's reports of Alexander's youth seemed to give support to the myth. Detail Plutarch's accounts of Alexander's supposedly divine heritage and two stories from his youth which could be taken to suggest that Alexander's intelligence and physical abilities were well above normal.

Essay Topic 3

Cleomenes fled to Ptolemy and was protected, but Pompey fled to Ptolemy and was given up to be murdered. Compare and contrast the two situations for which Cleomenes and Pompey fled to Ptolemy and give reasons why Ptolemy would protect Cleomenes but betray Pompey.

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