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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. How did Plutarch report that Cato prevented the Roman Senate from naming Caesar the Consul of Rome?

2. Why does Plutarch claim Philip believed that Alexander was a demi-god?

3. There were 12 Roman Caesar's. Which one is Plutarch chronicling?

4. What did Plutarch report to be Phocion's view of war whenever he was brought into debates with other Greek leaders?

5. What five qualities does Plutarch claim that Sertorius possessed in greater qualities than the other generals to whom Plutarch compared him?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why does Plutarch claim Caesar left Rome while he was a young man?

2. What does Plutarch note about the difference between Phocion's public disagreements in the Athenian assembly and how he spoke in general conversation?

3. How does Plutarch report that Caesar was assassinated?

4. What did Plutarch determine to be the difference in how Agesilaus and Pompey came to power?

5. What was the primary objective of Agis as King of the Spartans according to Plutarch?

6. What skill did Plutarch claim Caesar used to start building political influence in the Senate?

7. Why did Plutarch consider Agesilaus a better general than Pompey?

8. Where does Plutarch report Caesar traveled to for conquests after he was elected as part of the Triumvirate with Pompey and Crassus?

9. On what occasion does Plutarch report Cato asked why his preceptor would not give him a sword to kill Sylla while he was being trained in Sylla's palace?

10. What were qualities of Alexander that Plutarch praised?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Artaxerxes faced family challenges from his brother and even his sons. Compare his brother's challenge against his inheriting the throne to the conspiracy of Artaxerxes' son, Darious, and the turmoil Ochus brought to his brothers to earn the right to inherit the throne. In the comparison, detail Artaxerxes' responses to the challenges and how each challenger adjusted their tactics to attempt to take Artaxerxes' crown.

Essay Topic 2

Agis and Agesilaus were half brothers who served as Spartan Kings from 427-360 B.C. Detail the unusual circumstances of their paternal relationship and Agesilaus' ascension to the throne after Agis' death. Explain Cleomenes' role in Sparta as it relates to Agis. Use details from Plutarch's "Lives" to explain your points.

Essay Topic 3

Plutarch reports that Caesar's life and travels were intertwined by events caused by other people. Starting with his reason for leaving Rome because of Sylla's relationship with his family and ending with his defeat of Scipio in Africa, identify the destinations of Caesar, the reason he took the trip, and what his mission there meant for him personally and achieved for the Roman Empire.

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