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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Plutarch's tone in the profile of Aratus changes from his other reports. Why is this?
(a) Plutarch is a decendant of Aratus.
(b) It was written directly to a descendant of Aratus named Polycrates.
(c) Plutarch declares Aratus to be his most favored figure.
(d) Plutarch was commissioned by Aratus' decendants to write the history.

2. How does Plutarch explain that Aratus finally end Nicocles' reign over Sicyon?
(a) He used his rhetorical skills to inspire the population to establish its own government.
(b) He led a revolution in Sicyon to overthrow all the tyrants.
(c) He conducted a military confrontation against the army of Sicyon.
(d) He conducted a covert insurrection and drove Nicocles from his house.

3. How does Plutarch claim that Demosthenes became the best orator of his time?
(a) He was an avid reader and often quoted from the ancient masters.
(b) By practicing long hours to develop a dramatic, persuasive style.
(c) He had a natural flare that came naturally.
(d) He was trained in rhetorical arts by Aristotle.

4. With whom does Plutarch report that Cicero joined in a conspiracy with against the son of Caesar?
(a) Cataline and Darius.
(b) Pompey and Crassus.
(c) Brutus and Cassius.
(d) Antony and Lepidus.

5. How did Plutarch characterize the differences in the changes in government "The Roman Brothers" and "The Spartans" sought to achieve?
(a) "The Roman Brothers" sought to restore Rome to its ancient Republic, whereas "The Spartans" sought internal improvements.
(b) "The Roman Brothers" worked to restore the principles of the Republic, whereas "The Spartans" attempted to rid Sparta of its Greek democratic influence.
(c) "The Roman Brothers" aimed at settling cities, mending highways, and recovering public lands whereas "The Spartans" sought to restore their city to its ancient state.
(d) "The Roman Brothers" sought to place all power in a king, but "The Spartans" sought democracy.

Short Answer Questions

1. What political difference does Plutarch recognize between "The Spartans"?

2. What does Plutarch consider to be the difference in the military achievements between Dion and Brutus?

3. What tyrannical Syracusan King does Plutarch report Dion served as he became wealthy?

4. What does Plutarch claim Demosthenes did with his suicide?

5. Why does Plutarch suggest Nicocles was wary of Aratus?

Short Essay Questions

1. How did Ochus put himself in line to inherit Artaxerxes throne according to Plutarch?

2. How does Plutarch claim Artaxerxes averted war with the Spartans?

3. Why does Plutarch claim that Philip had Atarus poisoned?

4. How did Artaxerxes become King of Persia, according to Plutarch?

5. Why does Plutarch report that Artaxerxes had his son, Darius, executed?

6. How did Antony inspire a revolt against the assassins of Caesar, according to Plutarch?

7. What does Plutarch report to be the condition of Rome as Tiberius began his political career in Rome?

8. How did Plutarch describe the defeat of Brutus after the death of Caesar?

9. What does Plutarch consider to be the difference in the deaths of the Gracci and the Spartans?

10. What did Plutarch consider to be the difference between the several wives that Demetrius took as opposed to Antony taking up with Cleopatra?

(see the answer keys)

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