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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is the reason Plutarch gives for Aratus deciding to make alliance with Philip of Macedon?
(a) Cleomenes' victories over nearly all Achaean cities.
(b) To benefit from the empire Philip was building.
(c) To defend Greece from the Spartans.
(d) To prevent being attacked by Philip.

2. Why did Plutarch claim that Tiberius was beaten to death on the Senate Floor?
(a) Because the senate was convinced that he was involved in the conspiracy against Caesar by Antony.
(b) Because Octavius made a speech that associated Tiberius' actions with those who had ambitions to become king.
(c) Because homeless soldiers got tired of waiting for his success and stormed the senate floor and cornered Tiberius.
(d) Because landowners became frustrated by his persistence and decided to end it in the senate.

3. What honor does Plutarch report this earned for Demetrius and Antigonus from the Athenians?
(a) They were awarded with vineyards and gold.
(b) They were given a palace.
(c) They were given powerful positions in the Athenian Assembly.
(d) They were named among the Athenian dieties.

4. For what did Plutarch claim that Artaxerxes I of Persia was known?
(a) For a gentle and noble spirit and his right hand being longer than his left hand.
(b) For overcoming Babylon at the height of its empire.
(c) For being a brutal tyrant.
(d) For being generous and patient.

5. Who did Brutus join in the successful assassination attempt against Caesar, according to Plutarch?
(a) Crassus.
(b) Cassius.
(c) Pompey.
(d) Antony.

Short Answer Questions

1. How does Plutarch report that Demosthenes and Cicero showed the differences in their personalities through their speeches?

2. What political difference does Plutarch recognize between "The Spartans"?

3. According to Plutarch, why was the issue still alive for Tiberius in spite of previous efforts to address the issue?

4. Why does Plutarch consider Demetrius' death more dishonorable than Antony's?

5. What does Plutarch report that Antony did after his first reaction the Assassination of Caesar?

Short Essay Questions

1. How does Plutarch compare the deaths of Demetrius and Antony?

2. Why does Plutarch claim that Philip had Atarus poisoned?

3. How does Plutarch show the differences in the personalities between Demosthenes and Cicero through their rhetorical style?

4. Why does Plutarch claim that Dion was banished from the court of young Dionysius?

5. How did Plutarch compare the military achievements of Brutus and Dion?

6. How does Plutarch claim Artaxerxes averted war with the Spartans?

7. Why does Plutarch suggest Caesar showed favor to Brutus despite Brutus siding with Pompey during the civil war with Caesar?

8. What is a primary difference that can be inferred between the ancient Spartan civilization and the ancient Roman Empire from Plutarch's comparison between the Gracchi and the Spartans?

9. What does Plutarch report to be the condition of Rome as Tiberius began his political career in Rome?

10. What does Plutarch claim was the result of Opimius undoing the land reforms that Caius enacted?

(see the answer keys)

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