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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through The Comparison of Tiberius and Caius Gracchus with Agis and Cleomenes.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does Plutarch report to be the condition of Lacedaemonia when Agis and his partner began their reign?
(a) Lacedaemonia had become little more than a crossroad for commerce to more industrious cities.
(b) It was taken by avarice, a base spirit, luxury, effeminacy and had fallen from her former virtue and repute.
(c) Lacedaemonia had risen to become the most powerful of Spartan cities.
(d) It was beaten down by wars with citizens who had lost hope of recovery.

2. In the comparison of Tiberius and Caius Gracchus (henceforth identified here as "The Roman Brothers") with Agis and Cleomenes ("The Spartans"), how does Plutarch refer to Tiberius and Caius as a unit?
(a) The Gracchi.
(b) Sons of Gracchus.
(c) Tiberius and Caius.
(d) The Romans.

3. After his return from Spain, with whom does Plutarch claim Caesar took power over Rome in the Triumvirate?
(a) Sylla and Nero.
(b) Crassus and Pompey.
(c) Antony and Octavius.
(d) Brutus and Cassius.

4. What was Caesar's first step, according to Plutarch, when he was informed of Sylla's power being in decline?
(a) He began rallying support in the senate to have Sylla removed from power.
(b) He joined with Crassus and Pompey to form a triumvirate to overpower Sylla.
(c) He returned to his home realizing that Sylla no longer had the support to eliminate his enemies.
(d) He attended the school of a famous rhetorician named Apollonius.

5. According to Plutarch, when did Phocion rise to power in Athens?
(a) As the ship of state in Athens was sinking.
(b) As Greece was recovering from war with the Macedonians.
(c) After the death of Eumenes.
(d) After Alexander had decided to invade Persia.

Short Answer Questions

1. What was the most notable sign that Plutarch suggests that proves Caesar had begun to win popular support to challenge Sylla?

2. What battle against Macedon, according to Plutarch, that Phocion warned against taking that the Athenians lost under a different general?

3. What does Plutarch declare to be the condition of men in public life?

4. What does Plutarch identify as the difference in the characters between "The Roman Brothers" and "The Spartans"?

5. How does Plutarch claim the birth order of Agis and Agesilaus affected their lives?

(see the answer key)

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