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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through The Comparison of Tiberius and Caius Gracchus with Agis and Cleomenes.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How did Plutarch characterize the differences in the changes in government "The Roman Brothers" and "The Spartans" sought to achieve?
(a) "The Roman Brothers" worked to restore the principles of the Republic, whereas "The Spartans" attempted to rid Sparta of its Greek democratic influence.
(b) "The Roman Brothers" sought to restore Rome to its ancient Republic, whereas "The Spartans" sought internal improvements.
(c) "The Roman Brothers" sought to place all power in a king, but "The Spartans" sought democracy.
(d) "The Roman Brothers" aimed at settling cities, mending highways, and recovering public lands whereas "The Spartans" sought to restore their city to its ancient state.

2. What does Plutarch claim Caesar chose to do while Sylla's power reached its peak?
(a) He gathered forces to challenge Sylla with a civil war.
(b) He joined a conspiracy with Brutus and Cassius to assassinate Sylla.
(c) He left Rome in exile.
(d) He contended with Caesar's power in the Senate.

3. What did Plutarch claim was the final indication that Pompey had fallen out of Sylla's favor?
(a) Sylla did not include Pompey in his will.
(b) Sylla defeated Pompey in battle as he was returning from conquests in Europe.
(c) Sylla attempted to have Pompey imprisoned.
(d) Sylla dispatched Pompey to Spain to quell rebellions.

4. How did Plutarch compare Agesilaus and Pompey in their treatment of the men who supported their rise to power?
(a) Both Agesilaus and Pompey remained loyal to those who helped their careers.
(b) Pompey remained loyal to Sylla even through the years Sylla had withdrawn his favor, but Agesilaus cast off Lysander with reproach after he rose to power on Lysander's misinterpretation of prophesy.
(c) Agesilaus placed Lysander in an important province to honor his help whereas Pompey began making political connections so he could escape the influence of Sylla.
(d) Both Agesilaus and Pompey betrayed those who helped them through their careers.

5. According to Plutarch's report, how did Phocion become general more than 45 times?
(a) He was willing to fight for any kingdom that desired his services.
(b) He subverted the commands of many generals.
(c) He was elected to lead the armies by free election.
(d) He sold his services to many land owners who needed protection.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who did Phocion advise Alexander to make war against rather than the Athenians, according to Plutarch?

2. To whose death did Plutarch compare the death of Phocion?

3. After his return from Spain, with whom does Plutarch claim Caesar took power over Rome in the Triumvirate?

4. What did Plutarch report to be Phocion's view of war whenever he was brought into debates with other Greek leaders?

5. According to Plutarch, who authored laws in Lacedaemonia that caused land that was once subject to inheritance within families to be taken into a few wealthy hands?

(see the answer key)

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