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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Who does Plutarch report to be the master of Rome before Caesar came to power?
(a) Sylla.
(b) Cato.
(c) Crassus.
(d) Cassius.

2. Who does Plutarch report took in Cato and his siblings after they were orphaned, and for what was this person known?
(a) Sylla who was the most violent despot of Rome.
(b) Livius Drusus, an uncle on Cato's mother's side, raised the orphaned siblings, he was known for his role in the government and as being a very eloquent speaker.
(c) Servilia who eventually became the wife of Brutus.
(d) Pompaedius Silo who became a captain in Caesar's army.

3. What is a major difference between Sertorius and Eumenes that Plutarch recognized?
(a) Sertorius' soldiers yielded to him freely, whereas Eumenes won a contested office by proving his superiority.
(b) That Sertorious had the support of the government, but Eumenes was in rebellion against the government.
(c) That Sertorius was a learned captain, but Eumenes gained all of his knowledge from battle.
(d) Sertorius was well read, but Eumenes was illiterate.

4. What does Plutarch report of Cato during this civil war?
(a) He joined Caesar to benefit his career in the senate.
(b) He remained neutral only to be taken prison by Caesar after the war ended.
(c) He remained in the Senate to help keep peace in Rome.
(d) He fled with Pompey and stopped in Utica while Pompey proceeded to Greece.

5. What does Plutarch report to be the condition of Lacedaemonia when Agis and his partner began their reign?
(a) It was beaten down by wars with citizens who had lost hope of recovery.
(b) Lacedaemonia had risen to become the most powerful of Spartan cities.
(c) It was taken by avarice, a base spirit, luxury, effeminacy and had fallen from her former virtue and repute.
(d) Lacedaemonia had become little more than a crossroad for commerce to more industrious cities.

Short Answer Questions

1. With whom did Pompey make war that Plutarch reported eventually led to his death in Egypt?

2. How did Alexander show favor to Eumenes, according to Plutarch?

3. How does Plutarch compare the climb to power between Agesilaus and Pompey?

4. What is the first similarity that Plutarch recognized between Sertorius and Eumenes?

5. What are the character qualities Plutarch attributes to Cato from infancy?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why did Plutarch consider Agesilaus a better general than Pompey?

2. What was the primary objective of Agis as King of the Spartans according to Plutarch?

3. What did Plutarch identify as the myth regarding Alexander's lineage that Plutarch suggested his mother, Olympus, might have spread?

4. Plutarch reports that Phocion had a continuously frowning look, what is a summary of Phocions quote to Chare when he remarked on his countenance?

5. What does Plutarch claim Cleomenes did to prevent the political turmoil that overtook Agis?

6. How does Plutarch describe Alexander impressing his father by taming a horse?

7. According to Plutarch, why did Cato fall into disfavor with Caesar?

8. How does Plutarch claim Athenians responded when they falsely accused Phocion of treason and killed him after a mock trial?

9. What kind of commander did Plutarch consider Sertorius to be, and where did he fight and defeat Pompey?

10. How did Plutarch claim Eumenes caught the attention of Philip?

(see the answer keys)

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