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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Aratus.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. According to Plutarch, what was the purpose of the Greek alliances that Aratus helped to form?
(a) To establish a political base for his plans for power.
(b) Mutual defense of the allied cities.
(c) To provide an empire for his ancestor's wealth.
(d) Creating a great empire to challenge the Romans.

2. According to Plutarch's report, how did Phocion become general more than 45 times?
(a) He subverted the commands of many generals.
(b) He was willing to fight for any kingdom that desired his services.
(c) He sold his services to many land owners who needed protection.
(d) He was elected to lead the armies by free election.

3. What are the character qualities Plutarch attributes to Cato from infancy?
(a) He had an uncommon ability to retain knowledge.
(b) He had an inflexible temper, resolute in purpose, and not easily provoked to anger.
(c) He showed great sensitivity to women and plebes.
(d) He had an influential rhetorical style that easily impressed audiences.

4. How does Plutarch explain public anger both Dion and Brutus received for their stands against Dionysius II and Caesar respectively?
(a) The public was angry at Dion for leaving Syracuse after he overthrew Dionysius II, but it was angry at Brutus for not staying in Rome.
(b) The public was angry at Dion for having allowed Dionysius II to escape, but the public was angry with Brutus for killing a popular leader.
(c) The public was angry at Dion for trying to take Dionysius II's throne, but it was angry at Brutus for turning away from the vacant throne.
(d) The public was angry at Dion for opposing an effective leader, but it was angry at Brutus for not having a trial on Caesar's crimes.

5. What does Plutarch report to be the condition of Lacedaemonia when Agis and his partner began their reign?
(a) It was taken by avarice, a base spirit, luxury, effeminacy and had fallen from her former virtue and repute.
(b) Lacedaemonia had become little more than a crossroad for commerce to more industrious cities.
(c) Lacedaemonia had risen to become the most powerful of Spartan cities.
(d) It was beaten down by wars with citizens who had lost hope of recovery.

Short Answer Questions

1. How does Plutarch claim the birth order of Agis and Agesilaus affected their lives?

2. How did Alexander show favor to Eumenes, according to Plutarch?

3. What did Plutarch claim came of Caius after his death?

4. What did Plutarch report to be Phocion's view of war whenever he was brought into debates with other Greek leaders?

5. Who did Plutarch identify as being responsible for opposing and turning back the legal and land reforms that were won by Caius as tribune?

(see the answer key)

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