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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What event makes the rival schools of Stoicism and Epicureanism split philosophically?

2. Where is Francois Arouet when he starts using the pen name, Voltaire?

3. What new philosophy uses faith and reason to force acceptance of untried assumptions and conclusions?

4. To answer Rousseau, what satirical story does Voltaire write about the best of all possible worlds?

5. Who are the students of Socrates?

Short Essay Questions

1. Explain the reasons for a break between Plato and Aristotle.

2. Describe Aristotle's idea of what a man's goal in life should be.

3. Contrast Aristotle's Lyceum with Plato's Academy.

4. Describe the mathematical form of Spinoza's approach to his philosophy.

5. How does Plato state the cause of political problems in the world?

6. What happens because of Spinoza's questions about Judeo-Christian beliefs?

7. Describe Spinoza's synonymous dichotomies.

8. Why is Aristotle's philosophy often criticized as dry and uninteresting?

9. what methodology marks a difference in the thought processes of Plato and Aristotle?

10. Describe the philosophers before Socrates, Plato, and aristotle.

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Write an essay on Spinoza's idea that one thing may be good, bad, or indifferent all at the same time which he illustrates by music. In your essay identify and explain how something like modern electronics may be good, bad, or indifferent all at the same time.

Essay Topic 2

Write an essay on Aristotle's Golden Mean. Include how it is not the same as a mathematical mean. Give an Aristotelian example of the Golden Mean and one that you observe from modern life.

Essay Topic 3

Write an essay on religious faith, agnosticism, and atheism. In your essay define each and give examples of philosophers who fit each category. Express your opinion about where you stand on the issue.

(see the answer keys)

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