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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is Aristotle's foundation of logic?
(a) the art and method of correct thinking
(b) the art of listening
(c) the way to make a syllogysm
(d) the way to ask Socratic questions

2. Who eventually dominates Greek philosophy and government?
(a) the invading Persians
(b) the libertarians
(c) the fierce Spartans
(d) the Macedonians Aristotle and Alexander

3. How does Spinoza find himself after asking questions about Jewish and Christian beliefs?
(a) excommunicated from the synagogue
(b) honored as a great thinker
(c) promoted to head philosopher
(d) left without a source of income

4. Who in Voltaire's life is the young wife of a French Marquis who is away with his regiment?
(a) his muse
(b) his mistress
(c) his secretary
(d) his neice

5. To what does Spinoza change his Jewish given name?
(a) the English name, John
(b) the gentile name, Benedict
(c) the German name, Hans
(d) the Russian name, Igor

6. Reducing everything through the Socratic Method, what do Socrates and Cephalus agree to discuss?
(a) the meaning of happiness
(b) the meaning of philosophy
(c) the meaning of war
(d) the meaning of justice

7. What does Aristotle say is the need of Motion?
(a) a reason
(b) a source
(c) matter
(d) a place to happen

8. What method do all the fields of study--science, discipline, art and music--use in common?
(a) the art of logic
(b) questions and answers
(c) rote memorization
(d) repetition of basics

9. Where do metaphysics and the nature of God fit into Aristotle's curriculum?
(a) his theology
(b) his biology
(c) his rhetoric
(d) his mathematics

10. What does Socrates ask Cephalus to define?
(a) the greatest blessing he receives from wealth
(b) the meaning of the word moral
(c) the best form of government
(d) the blessing he receives from education

11. Where is a meeting held to discuss the Republic?
(a) at the house of a wealthy aristocrat, Cephalus
(b) in the Parthenon
(c) at the Acropolis
(d) at the Lyceum

12. Where does the Jewish migration along the Danube and Rhine rivers take the Jews?
(a) Macedonia and Austria
(b) Spain and Portugal
(c) Italy and Armenia
(d) Poland and Russia

13. In what work does Voltaire discuss the morals and spirit of the nations from Charlemagne to Louis XIII?
(a) The Romances
(b) The History of Morals
(c) The Essay on Morals
(d) The Short Novels

14. What does Plato say is a science and art one must live and prepare for?
(a) statesmanship
(b) oratory
(c) military leadership
(d) teaching the young

15. At what age does Plato advocate taking children from their parents to avoid learning bad habits?
(a) at birth
(b) age three
(c) age ten
(d) at adolescence

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Spinoza suggest the aim of Biblical language is meant to do?

2. What is Voltaire's literary output?

3. What is said to change Plato's life?

4. What does Plato say early education should do?

5. To answer Rousseau, what satirical story does Voltaire write about the best of all possible worlds?

(see the answer keys)

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