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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Which word best describes the series of portraits displayed in the Knoll Ball Room?

2. Which words best describe the mood of the paintings on pages 66 and 67?

3. All of the following are titles of works that begin Chapter 6, except for which one?

4. According to Berger et al., why does ordinary life have more meaning when recorded on a canvas?

5. In Chapter 6, which painting best shows the humanity of its subject?

Short Essay Questions

1. In Chapter 6, explain how facing pages 116 and 117 return to Blake's theme of Africa and America supporting Europe.

2. Explain how Rembrandt's two self-portraits, the first at age twenty-eight and the second at age fifty-eight, evolve to include content that is not conventionally found in traditional oil paintings of his time.

3. What is demonstrated about the visual arts in comparing the photograph of "Sarah Burge, 1883. Dr Barnardo's Homes", and the oil painting "Peasant Boy Leaning on Sill"?

4. How does Courbet's two paintings, reproduced in Chapter 6 on facing pages 124 and 125, titled "Girl in White Stockings" and "Demoiselles au bord de la Seine" illustrate two distinct styles of his work?

5. How is the meaning of the images in Chapter 6 on pages 120 and 121, that depict daily life, of any significance?

6. In Chapter 4, explain what interconnections can be made between the images of death on pages 68 and 69, and the images of food, wine, and the hunt on pages 70 and 71.

7. Describe how the wealthy influence the ways of seeing through oil paintings, as explained by Berger et al.

8. How are pages 72 and 73, which contain images of mythological characters and fanciful human figures, different than the previous images that are displayed in Chapter 4?

9. Describe the mood of the collection of religious iconic images presented in Chapter 4 on pages 66 and 67.

10. Chapter 5 begins with an oil painting showing several items contemporaneous with the Dutch school in 1665. Describe the painting and the objects it depicts.

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Explain the psychology of publicity images and modern consumerism according to Berger et al. and compare that to the authors' explanation of the spectator-owner versus the spectator-buyer psychology associated with European oil paintings.

Essay Topic 2

Describe how the reproduction of original paintings changes their meaning and value. Discuss the following questions in your writing. What happens to the value of an original work when numerous reproductions are made? What happens to the meaning of a painting if it is moved to a different location? How does the addition of titles or text affect the meaning of an art work?

Essay Topic 3

Write an essay to explain and compare how both traditional oil painting and modern publicity images stimulate consumerism and shape cultural ideals. Complete the following parts to the essay.

Part 1 - Describe how traditional oil painting is the basis for modern consumer culture.

Part 2 - Explain how publicity images carry the same ingredients for consumerism as European oil paintings.

Part 3 - Compare how color photographs are more effective publicity images than black and white photographs, and how this is similar to the techniques of European oil painting.

(see the answer keys)

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