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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. How did Marx and Engels view their theory of history?

2. Where did the "dialectic" in dialectic materialism come from?

3. What does Marx say a society based on class prevents?

4. What doctrine influenced both Marx and Engels?

5. How does Edmund Wilson describe the relationship between Marx and Engels?

Short Essay Questions

1. How did Marx approach the question of studying capitalism?

2. What are the ten points addressed in the Communist Manifesto?

3. Describe the environment where Engels grew up.

4. Describe Lenin's relationship with his wife.

5. What defined the views of Marx and Engels on international relationships between nations?

6. What effect did Marx have on Engels?

7. Describe Lenin's temperament and methods.

8. What was Marx' engagement with the Workers' Associations by the time Das Kapital was finished?

9. Why, according to Trotsky, did the 1905 Soviet fail?

10. What was Bakunin's relationship with Marx?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Which thinkers embraced Marx's work enthusiastically? Which thinkers reject his work? Describe one thinker who embraced Marx and another who rejected his work. Explain what their relationship with Marx says about their philosophies.

Essay Topic 2

How do the terms "proletariat" and "bourgeoisie" apply to American society? Do they map neatly to recognizable parties, or are there subcultures that do not fit in this binary? Is class struggle felt in America? If so, how?

Essay Topic 3

What external opposition did communists and socialists face? Who were their principal opponents, and what methods were used to oppose them? Why were those methods ultimately unsuccessful in Russia? Why were socialism and communism more successfully resisted in Europe?

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