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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. How did the "Communist Manifesto treat education?

2. What was Engels converted to in Cologne?

3. What kind of approach toward the study of economics did Marx take?

4. What was Lassalle's relationship with the communists, according to Edmund Wilson's account?

5. Who converted Engels in Cologne?

Short Essay Questions

1. What effect did Marx have on Engels?

2. Why, according to Trotsky, did the 1905 Soviet fail?

3. What conditions made Russia a good candidate for a transition to communism?

4. How was Engels brought to socialism?

5. How did Marx and Engels describe the stages of economic development?

6. How did Marx approach the question of studying capitalism?

7. What is dialectical materialism?

8. Describe Ferdinand Lassalle's career.

9. What work did Engels have to finish after Marx died?

10. Describe Lenin's relationship with his wife.

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Which thinkers would have been satisfied with the Russian Revolution as the fulfillment of their work? Which thinkers would have been horrified? Explain how three philosophers' work would have been fulfilled or betrayed by the Communist Revolution.

Essay Topic 2

What changes in European and Russian cultures created ripe conditions for the socialist thought that led from Hegel to Michelet and, ultimately, to Lenin? Was it industrialism, or was it economic transition itself?

Essay Topic 3

Evaluate the importance of Hegel's philosophy on the socialist thought that led to the Russian Revolution. What part of Hegel's writing did Russian thinkers find compelling, and which thinkers interpreted his work to make it contribute to the revolution? How much of the Russian Revolution can be laid at Hegel's feet?

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