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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What position did Marx take in 1842?
(a) Editor of a radical magazine.
(b) Investigative reporter.
(c) Editor-in-chief of a newspaper.
(d) Political activist.

2. How long did the communist government last in Paris after Michelet had his stroke?
(a) Five years.
(b) Two and a half months.
(c) Five months.
(d) Ten months.

3. What did Taine believe about the French Revolution?
(a) It was evidence of corrections taking place.
(b) It would end in totalitarianism.
(c) It was the beginning of the Communist Revolution.
(d) It was evidence of a workers' state coming into existence.

4. What did La Scienza Nuova do for Michelet?
(a) It allowed him to tie all branches of science together.
(b) It gave him a new religious perspective on the origin of the universe.
(c) It let him tell a new and different history of France.
(d) It gave him a new standard for validating experimental results.

5. Why was Michelet suspended from his teaching post?
(a) Impropriety.
(b) Obscenity.
(c) Radicalism.
(d) Treason.

6. According to the author, Saint-Simon viewed society's goals as changing ______________.
(a) From war for conquest to war for annihilation.
(b) From community and church to production and consumption.
(c) From production and consumption to war and conquest.
(d) From communal power to individual power.

7. When was Jules Michelet teaching?
(a) The 1850s.
(b) The 1820s.
(c) The 1880s.
(d) The 1920s.

8. Michelet said that the bourgeoisie __________________.
(a) Are not in touch with the people.
(b) Benefit by the oppression of the poor.
(c) Are the majority of people.
(d) Own the means of production.

9. Edmund Wilson relates that Babeuf worked at __________.
(a) Promoting the Revolution.
(b) Secularizing France.
(c) Protecting the rich from the Revolution.
(d) Attacking the church during the Revolution.

10. According to the author, what ended with the French Revolution?
(a) Communism.
(b) Feudalism.
(c) Capitalism.
(d) Religion.

11. Michelet believed the history of the 19th century was summed up by _________.
(a) Capitalism, militarism, and colonialism.
(b) Expansionism, militarism, and scientific progress.
(c) Industrialism, militarism, and socialism.
(d) Religion, technology, and militarism.

12. How does Edmund Wilson describe Taine's approach to history?
(a) Biographical.
(b) Scientific.
(c) Journalistic.
(d) Spiritual.

13. What did Michelet write after he had become the Conservator of the French Archives?
(a) The Insect.
(b) Introduction to Universal History.
(c) History of the Middle Ages.
(d) Roman History.

14. How did Fourier and Owen want to administer education in their ideal society?
(a) It should be provided within the commune.
(b) It should revert to the apprentice system.
(c) It should be free and open to all.
(d) It should be paid for by students' families.

15. How old was Anatole France at the time of the Commune?
(a) Fifty-one.
(b) Twenty-seven.
(c) Thirty-seven.
(d) Twenty-one.

Short Answer Questions

1. What was Saint-Simon's theory of history?

2. What did Michelet write as a result of his reading in the Renaissance?

3. What did Taine study after 1871, when the Commune was established?

4. Where did Robert Owen work?

5. According to Edmund Wilson, Babeuf saw the center of power during the French Revolution as being ______________.

(see the answer keys)

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