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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How did the "Communist Manifesto treat education?
(a) It should be free.
(b) It should proselytize for Communism.
(c) It should be apolitical.
(d) It should be political.

2. When did Trotsky first study Marx and Lenin?
(a) In Siberia.
(b) At the university.
(c) In high school.
(d) In France.

3. Describe Lenin's relationship with his wife?
(a) He kept her apart from his political activities.
(b) She managed the distribution of his ideas.
(c) She helped build his name as a leader in any communist revolution.
(d) She worked at his side to organize the workers.

4. How is the "Communist Manifesto" described?
(a) A post-revolutionary society.
(b) A legal defense of a workers' revolution.
(c) The methods a revolutionary party should employ.
(d) The tools for bringing a revolution.

5. According to the author, what does the "dialectic" means in "dialectic materialism"?
(a) Evolutionary adaptation.
(b) Eternal recurrence.
(c) Thesis/antithesis/synthesis.
(d) Transcendental metaphysics.

6. What philosopher did Engels become interested in when he was in Berlin?
(a) Voltaire.
(b) Locke.
(c) Hegel.
(d) Rousseau.

7. What in particular appalled Engels about the workers' conditions?
(a) Their lack of education.
(b) Their accidents and illnesses.
(c) Their subservience to the masters.
(d) Their cruelty to each other.

8. The "Communist Manifesto" by Marx and Engel wanted to end ____________.
(a) Appropriation of land.
(b) Free education for children and workers.
(c) State run transportation.
(d) The right of inheritance.

9. What organization did Lassalle establish?
(a) The Syndicate of Technical Workers and Artists.
(b) International Working Men's Association.
(c) The General Union of German Workers.
(d) The German Communist Party.

10. What made Marx and Engels pioneers in their field?
(a) The inclusion of technological innovation in their predictions.
(b) The prophecy of a workers' state.
(c) The internationalism in their work.
(d) The combination of a theory of history and a theory of economics.

11. What thinker did Marx return to after he broke with Proudhon?
(a) Hegel.
(b) Saint-Simon.
(c) Rousseau.
(d) Michelet.

12. What did Engels see as a sign of the workers' poor working conditions?
(a) Their religiousness.
(b) Their poverty.
(c) Their lack of gaiety.
(d) Their productivity.

13. When did Trotsky return to Russia after the 1905 revolt?
(a) 1917.
(b) 1927.
(c) 1912.
(d) 1921.

14. What was Trotsky's role in the early years of the Russian Revolution?
(a) He plotted with the Tsar's loyalists against the regime.
(b) He helped implement the regime's policies.
(c) He was a vocal critic of the Revolution.
(d) He spurred the revolutionaries to excesses.

15. According to Marx and Engels, from what did the bourgeoisie and the proletariat originate?
(a) From inheritance and poverty, respectively.
(b) From strength and weakness, respectively.
(c) From modern warfare and from industrial efficiencies, respectively.
(d) From the end of feudalism and from modern society, respectively.

Short Answer Questions

1. When did Marx finish the first volume of Das Kapital?

2. When did Lenin break with the Central Committee in Germany?

3. What were the Soviets NOT calling for in 1905?

4. When did Lenin begin to read Marx?

5. According to Trotsky, why did the 1905 revolt fail?

(see the answer keys)

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