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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What work did Engels have to finish when Marx died?
(a) "The Condition of the Working Class in England."
(b) Explaining Marx's theory to the socialists.
(c) Defining the master-slave dialectic.
(d) "Das Kapital."

2. What action did Lassalle warn Bismarck against when they met?
(a) Suppressing the Communist Party.
(b) Breaking strikes using the military.
(c) Suppressing the press.
(d) Imprisoning Communist leaders.

3. When did Trotsky first study Marx and Lenin?
(a) In high school.
(b) In Siberia.
(c) At the university.
(d) In France.

4. What thinker did Marx return to after he broke with Proudhon?
(a) Michelet.
(b) Hegel.
(c) Rousseau.
(d) Saint-Simon.

5. The "Communist Manifesto" by Marx and Engel wanted to end ____________.
(a) The right of inheritance.
(b) State run transportation.
(c) Appropriation of land.
(d) Free education for children and workers.

6. Marx's study of economics contains a discrepancy because he included _______.
(a) Pragmatism in defining group psychology.
(b) Morality in predicting economic behavior.
(c) Religion in making a mathematical argument.
(d) Statistics in predicting class warfare.

7. Where did the "dialectic" in dialectic materialism come from?
(a) Rousseau.
(b) Emerson.
(c) Hegel.
(d) Diderot.

8. How did Marx and Engels view their theory of history?
(a) They knew it was a fantasy.
(b) They never doubted it would succeed.
(c) They saw it as one model among many.
(d) They wondered whether they had underestimated the greed of the lower classes.

9. Where does stability come from in dialectic materialism?
(a) The emergence of a new power.
(b) The fusion of thesis and antithesis.
(c) The consensus among involved parties.
(d) The seizure of power by a faction that can hold it.

10. How did the "Communist Manifesto treat education?
(a) It should proselytize for Communism.
(b) It should be apolitical.
(c) It should be political.
(d) It should be free.

11. How does Edmund Wilson describe Marx's study of economics?
(a) As a prophecy of socialism.
(b) As a snapshot of Marx's moment.
(c) As a study of capitalism.
(d) As a prediction of communism.

12. Describe Trotsky's early relationship with Lenin.
(a) His enthusiasm spurred Lenin's revolutionary ambitions.
(b) He stayed at his house, but he voted against him in the Second Congress.
(c) He fought to temper Lenin's totalitarian impulses.
(d) He worked to popularize his ideas internationally.

13. What was Trotsky's role in the early years of the Russian Revolution?
(a) He plotted with the Tsar's loyalists against the regime.
(b) He was a vocal critic of the Revolution.
(c) He spurred the revolutionaries to excesses.
(d) He helped implement the regime's policies.

14. Where did Lenin meet his future wife?
(a) In London.
(b) In Berlin.
(c) In Zurich.
(d) In Siberia.

15. According to Marx, what kind of labor do machines contain?
(a) Eternally renewed labor.
(b) Frozen labor.
(c) Divine labor.
(d) Magnified labor.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to Marxist economics, what kind of value does the worker create?

2. How does Marx define labor?

3. According to Marx and Engels, from what did the bourgeoisie and the proletariat originate?

4. How does a dialectical system progress?

5. What in particular appalled Engels about the workers' conditions?

(see the answer keys)

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