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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How does Marx distinguish between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie in terms of morality?
(a) He says that what is right for one class is not right for the other.
(b) He says that the proletariat acknowledges a universal morality, but the bourgeoisie invents its own.
(c) He says that the bourgeoisie's power subjects the proletariat to the bourgeoisie's morals.
(d) He says that the proletariat determines the bourgeoisie's morality based on what the bourgeoisie is afraid of.

2. How does Edmund Wilson describe Marx's study of economics?
(a) As a snapshot of Marx's moment.
(b) As a study of capitalism.
(c) As a prediction of communism.
(d) As a prophecy of socialism.

3. When did Trotsky first study Marx and Lenin?
(a) In high school.
(b) In Siberia.
(c) At the university.
(d) In France.

4. When did Trotsky return to Russia after the 1905 revolt?
(a) 1927.
(b) 1912.
(c) 1917.
(d) 1921.

5. Why did Marx break with Proudhon?
(a) He found gaps in Proudhon's logic.
(b) He disliked Proudhon as a person.
(c) He no longer agreed with him.
(d) He doubted Proudhon's commitment to a revolution.

6. What in particular appalled Engels about the workers' conditions?
(a) Their lack of education.
(b) Their subservience to the masters.
(c) Their cruelty to each other.
(d) Their accidents and illnesses.

7. The "Communist Manifesto" by Marx and Engel wanted to end ____________.
(a) Appropriation of land.
(b) Free education for children and workers.
(c) The right of inheritance.
(d) State run transportation.

8. How did Marx and Engels view their theory of history?
(a) They knew it was a fantasy.
(b) They saw it as one model among many.
(c) They wondered whether they had underestimated the greed of the lower classes.
(d) They never doubted it would succeed.

9. What were the Soviets NOT calling for in 1905?
(a) Workers' rights.
(b) Eight hour workday.
(c) Freedom of the press.
(d) Women's suffrage.

10. How do Marx and Engels describe a socialist society?
(a) As the next thesis, which will create a new anti-thesis.
(b) As the humanization of industrialism.
(c) As the synthesis of bourgeoisie and proletariat.
(d) As the end of economics.

11. What was Marx's relationship with Engels after the 1850s?
(a) They started a commune with the proceeds of their shared writing.
(b) They quarreled and split.
(c) Marx turned Engels' ideas into books.
(d) Engels sent Marx money because he was broke.

12. How do Marx and Engels describe the proletariat?
(a) As the anti-thesis.
(b) As the emergent institution.
(c) As an eternal principle of society.
(d) As the next usurpers.

13. According to Marx and Engels, from what did the bourgeoisie and the proletariat originate?
(a) From strength and weakness, respectively.
(b) From the end of feudalism and from modern society, respectively.
(c) From inheritance and poverty, respectively.
(d) From modern warfare and from industrial efficiencies, respectively.

14. How does Edmund Wilson describe Marx and Engels' doctrine for intervention in human affairs?
(a) As practical and local.
(b) As functional and international.
(c) As idealistic and prophetic.
(d) As overly-detailed and narrow.

15. What affect did Lassalle have on the relationship between Marx and Engels?
(a) He clarified their differences.
(b) He strained it.
(c) He played them against each other.
(d) He brought them closer together.

Short Answer Questions

1. What was the one condition on which Proudhon agreed to Marx's project?

2. What did the Russians say at the 1905 Third Congress?

3. Who converted Engels in Cologne?

4. How did Marx first hear of Engels?

5. How does Edmund Wilson describe the relationship between Marx and Engels?

(see the answer keys)

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