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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Marx began to work with Proudhon, who had written _____________.
(a) Newspaper articles on the working poor.
(b) Political prophecies.
(c) A book treating property as a form of theft.
(d) A series of essays on capital.

2. Where did Trotsky place his first political sympathies?
(a) With the Tsar.
(b) With the Communists.
(c) With the intellectuals.
(d) With the Populists.

3. The "Communist Manifesto" by Marx and Engel wanted to end ____________.
(a) The right of inheritance.
(b) State run transportation.
(c) Appropriation of land.
(d) Free education for children and workers.

4. Who was ruler of Russia when Lenin was growing up?
(a) Peter the Great.
(b) Tsar Nicholas I.
(c) Tsar Alexander III.
(d) Tsar Alexander II.

5. What organization did Lassalle establish?
(a) The Syndicate of Technical Workers and Artists.
(b) The General Union of German Workers.
(c) The German Communist Party.
(d) International Working Men's Association.

6. How does Edmund Wilson describe Marx's study of economics?
(a) As a prediction of communism.
(b) As a study of capitalism.
(c) As a prophecy of socialism.
(d) As a snapshot of Marx's moment.

7. What is Marx's fundamental critique of capitalists?
(a) Their technology has alienated the workers from their labor.
(b) They do not deserve the workers' surplus value.
(c) They are fighting their own historical development into socialists.
(d) They misspend the value they skim from the system.

8. What does Edmund Wilson say Marx discovered through his work with the International Working Men's Association?
(a) The laws of economics were truly independent of nation or industry.
(b) Workers did not care about the historical process.
(c) The historical movement toward a workers' state was progressing.
(d) As long as workers had subsistence wages, they could be pacified.

9. How do Marx and Engels describe the proletariat?
(a) As the anti-thesis.
(b) As the next usurpers.
(c) As the emergent institution.
(d) As an eternal principle of society.

10. How does Edmund Wilson describe the relationship between Marx and Engels?
(a) Marx gave Engels structure and inspiration.
(b) Engels gave Marx intellectual seriousness and political zeal.
(c) Marx kept Engels from going stray.
(d) Engels gave Marx support.

11. How is the "Communist Manifesto" described?
(a) A legal defense of a workers' revolution.
(b) The tools for bringing a revolution.
(c) The methods a revolutionary party should employ.
(d) A post-revolutionary society.

12. In what field was Lenin's training?
(a) Law.
(b) Military.
(c) Political science.
(d) Literature.

13. What did Marx and Engels combine with the goals of the utopian socialists?
(a) Hegel's theory of organic development.
(b) Goethe's theory of basic building blocks of life.
(c) Emerson's theory of self-reliance and consolation.
(d) Darwin's theory of evolution.

14. When did Trotsky first study Marx and Lenin?
(a) In high school.
(b) In Siberia.
(c) In France.
(d) At the university.

15. What did Marx and Engels see as the end of capitalism?
(a) To militarize commerce.
(b) To reduce costs and increase efficiency.
(c) To suppress dissent.
(d) To get the proletariat to rebel.

Short Answer Questions

1. What affect did Lassalle have on the relationship between Marx and Engels?

2. What did the Russians say at the 1905 Third Congress?

3. Describe Lenin's relationship with his wife?

4. How did the "Communist Manifesto treat education?

5. Describe Trotsky's early relationship with Lenin.

(see the answer keys)

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