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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What was the one condition on which Proudhon agreed to Marx's project?
(a) It would not result in political action.
(b) It would not become a religious doctrine.
(c) It would not put them at risk of being arrested.
(d) It would bring about the revolution.

2. In what mental/emotional state did Lenin find the Russian intellectuals at the turn of the century?
(a) Confused.
(b) Enraged.
(c) Apathetic.
(d) Unready.

3. Where did Lenin move after being released from prison?
(a) Munich.
(b) Zurich.
(c) London.
(d) Moscow.

4. What did the Russians say at the 1905 Third Congress?
(a) They wanted the German intellectuals to return and fight beside them.
(b) They didn't want exiles to lead them.
(c) They repudiated the influence of Trotsky and embraced Lenin.
(d) They wanted to purge the Russian party of dissenters.

5. How did Engels characterize classical economic theories?
(a) As mathematical abstractions out of touch with the finances of poverty.
(b) As rationalizations for capitalists' greed.
(c) As obsolete relative to new technologies for production.
(d) As mere meditations on capital, without grounds in reality.

6. How do Marx and Engels describe a socialist society?
(a) As the humanization of industrialism.
(b) As the end of economics.
(c) As the next thesis, which will create a new anti-thesis.
(d) As the synthesis of bourgeoisie and proletariat.

7. Where does stability come from in dialectic materialism?
(a) The fusion of thesis and antithesis.
(b) The consensus among involved parties.
(c) The emergence of a new power.
(d) The seizure of power by a faction that can hold it.

8. What affect did Lassalle have on the relationship between Marx and Engels?
(a) He brought them closer together.
(b) He clarified their differences.
(c) He strained it.
(d) He played them against each other.

9. What is Marx's fundamental critique of capitalists?
(a) Their technology has alienated the workers from their labor.
(b) They do not deserve the workers' surplus value.
(c) They are fighting their own historical development into socialists.
(d) They misspend the value they skim from the system.

10. Marx began to work with Proudhon, who had written _____________.
(a) Newspaper articles on the working poor.
(b) A series of essays on capital.
(c) A book treating property as a form of theft.
(d) Political prophecies.

11. According to Trotsky, why did the 1905 revolt fail?
(a) The peasants in the army remained loyal to the Tsar.
(b) The aristocrats played the peasants against the workers.
(c) The Soviets were outgunned.
(d) The bourgeoisie swung their support behind the Tsar.

12. What was the state of the Russian intelligentsia in the end of the 19th century?
(a) Oppressed.
(b) Fervent with revolutionary rhetoric.
(c) Decadent and disconnected.
(d) Stagnant.

13. How did Marx and Engels view their theory of history?
(a) They saw it as one model among many.
(b) They knew it was a fantasy.
(c) They wondered whether they had underestimated the greed of the lower classes.
(d) They never doubted it would succeed.

14. How does Marx distinguish between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie in terms of morality?
(a) He says that the proletariat acknowledges a universal morality, but the bourgeoisie invents its own.
(b) He says that the bourgeoisie's power subjects the proletariat to the bourgeoisie's morals.
(c) He says that what is right for one class is not right for the other.
(d) He says that the proletariat determines the bourgeoisie's morality based on what the bourgeoisie is afraid of.

15. How does Edmund Wilson describe the relationship between Marx and Engels?
(a) Marx kept Engels from going stray.
(b) Engels gave Marx intellectual seriousness and political zeal.
(c) Marx gave Engels structure and inspiration.
(d) Engels gave Marx support.

Short Answer Questions

1. What did Engels see as a sign of the workers' poor working conditions?

2. What kind of approach toward the study of economics did Marx take?

3. According to Wilson, why did the theory by Marx and Engels create "strange situations"?

4. According to Marx and Engels, from what did the bourgeoisie and the proletariat originate?

5. Describe Lenin's relationship with his wife?

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