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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is the first step in figuring out what law is according to Hart?

2. Who does the populace trust to determine the specificity of the laws?

3. What does the distinction make sense of, according to Hart?

4. What is the first question Hart identified?

5. What does attempting a single definition do to the fundamental elements of the law?

Short Essay Questions

1. What is the habit of obedience understood to apply to?

2. What are primary rules according to Chapter 5?

3. What did Hart want to explain?

4. What do laws require?

5. What did customary societies have?

6. What is rare for individuals in modern societies?

7. How do we speak of justice?

8. What did secondary rules confer?

9. Why is the concept of law hard, according to Chapter 1?

10. What is law?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Discuss the sovereignty conception of law.

Essay Topic 2

Discuss the significance of primary and secondary rules.

Essay Topic 3

Discuss the significance of Austin's Province of Jurisprudence Determined and Hart's criticism of Austin.

(see the answer keys)

This section contains 464 words (approx. 2 pages at 300 words per page) View a FREE sample