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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Who wrote Province of Jurisprudence Determined?
(a) Yokhoama.
(b) York.
(c) Austin.
(d) Robertson.

2. What cannot laws be reduced to?
(a) Directives without punishment.
(b) Directives against officials.
(c) Directives against judges.
(d) Directives against people.

3. Who denies there are true laws against murder?
(a) Kartosen.
(b) Roberts.
(c) Kelsen.
(d) Kristiansen.

4. What is the price of Uniformity?
(a) Slowness.
(b) Unreliability.
(c) Distortion.
(d) Speed.

5. What would we find if we were to examine many types of laws, according to Hart in chapter 3?
(a) Difference in the letter of the law.
(b) No difference in the spirit of the law.
(c) Objections to Austin's basic definition of law.
(d) Different laws based on morale.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is law?

2. What do constitutions specify?

3. What do criminal laws specifies must be followed?

4. What do rules requires a critical reflective attitude about?

5. What makes social pressure serious?

Short Essay Questions

1. What is rare for individuals in modern societies?

2. What can the definition of law help provide?

3. What is the habit of obedience understood to apply to?

4. What do judges have powers to do?

5. How do we speak of justice?

6. What do laws require?

7. What happens to laws?

8. What are the first two questions that combine into the question of what law is?

9. What was the most serious attempt to analyze the concept of law according to Chapter 2?

10. What is law?

(see the answer keys)

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