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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What cannot laws be reduced to?
(a) Directives against officials.
(b) Directives against people.
(c) Directives against judges.
(d) Directives without punishment.

2. How are laws obeyed?
(a) Usually.
(b) Fully.
(c) Barely.
(d) Characteristically.

3. What does the distinction make sense of, according to Hart?
(a) How custom is structured.
(b) How law should work.
(c) Many difficulties previously unsolved.
(d) How moral is structured.

4. What aren't obligations, according to Austin and others?
(a) Natural.
(b) Binding.
(c) Obligatory.
(d) Typical.

5. What makes social pressure serious?
(a) High morale societies.
(b) Morale constrains.
(c) Rules being important to maintain social life.
(d) Customs.

6. What are imperatives backed by?
(a) Coercion.
(b) Rules.
(c) Laws.
(d) Rewards.

7. Where don't laws apply?
(a) In other countries.
(b) In other cities.
(c) In communities not recognizing the laws.
(d) In other morality centers.

8. How does Hart qualifies Province of Jurisprudence Determined, according to Chapter 2?
(a) As an attempt to prevent laws from applying.
(b) As an effort to change the law.
(c) As a bad attempt to analyze law.
(d) As the most serious attempt to analyze the concept of law.

9. What are some primitive society rules by?
(a) Laws.
(b) Customs.
(c) Rules.
(d) Moral.

10. What do Hart say of making sense of authority in term of sovereign people?
(a) It is problematic.
(b) It is necessary.
(c) It is easy to understand.
(d) It is stable.

11. What could the definition of law provide a map for?
(a) Explain man's evolution.
(b) Explaining relationships
(c) Explain order.
(d) Explain society.

12. That do the nullity as sanction view try to produce?
(a) A general definition of judge.
(b) A general definition of Custom.
(c) A general definition of rule.
(d) A general definition of law.

13. What is law?
(a) How to behave around other people.
(b) A general order backed by threats.
(c) A set of loose rules.
(d) Morale based rules.

14. What do Hart distinguish between in Chapter 5?
(a) Moral and law.
(b) Primary and secondary rules.
(c) Union and non union laws.
(d) Morality and custom.

15. How does Hart qualifies most statements made about law by great minds?
(a) Vague.
(b) Untrue.
(c) Ridicule.
(d) True and deeply puzzling.

Short Answer Questions

1. What do laws require exist?

2. What do laws specify?

3. When does the concept of nullity arise?

4. What example does Hart give about non optional conduct that are not law?

5. What are 'real' rules, according to Hart?

(see the answer keys)

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