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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Why do moral codes exist?
(a) To prevent people from expressing themself.
(b) To ensure tight moral standards.
(c) To ensure proper obedience to the ones in charge.
(d) To promote the good of the society.

2. What does precedent focus on?
(a) Communities.
(b) Minimal classes.
(c) Maximal classes.
(d) Class term.

3. What do statements of internal aspect presuppose the truth of?
(a) Simple statements.
(b) Multiple statement.
(c) Internal statements.
(d) External statements.

4. When do moral rules and legal rules usually apply to people?
(a) Only in case of emergency.
(b) One at a time.
(c) Half the time.
(d) All the time.

5. How does Hart call a legal system when one group cease to do its parts?
(a) It is unused.
(b) It is unfinished.
(c) It has pathology.
(d) It is lumpsided.

6. What do we need to define state sovereignty?
(a) What local laws they are subjected to.
(b) Who is creating the laws.
(c) What international laws they are subject to.
(d) Borders and a fixed system of law.

7. What can the official sector be in conflict with?
(a) Private sector.
(b) Lawmakers.
(c) The people.
(d) Customs.

8. What can be established without the voluntary cooperation of all?
(a) Coercive power.
(b) Democracy.
(c) Laws.
(d) Revolutions.

9. Why does Austin claim international law is not binding?
(a) Because the U.N is powerless.
(b) Because small countries are not well represented.
(c) Because large countries can do what they want.
(d) Because it has no organized sanction.

10. What is is caught between the poles of excessive formalism and excessive rule-skepticism?
(a) Moral rules.
(b) Legal theory.
(c) Judges.
(d) Custom.

11. What do judges do when they state that a law is valid?
(a) The make an external statement.
(b) They make an internal statement.
(c) They make a multiple statement.
(d) The make a simple statement.

12. What is the most dangerous sort of international disputes?
(a) Negotiation between small and large countries.
(b) International aggression.
(c) Peace treaty.
(d) Bank disputes.

13. What do positivists tend to see natural laws?
(a) As built on fallacy.
(b) As built on morale.
(c) As build on sand.
(d) As build on concrete laws.

14. What do moral rules vary across?
(a) Societies and time periods.
(b) Country.
(c) Lands.
(d) People.

15. What are not always Rules of recognition?
(a) Customs.
(b) Laws.
(c) External statements.
(d) Morale.

Short Answer Questions

1. When may a society acquire a system of supremacy of rules?

2. What do secondary rules track?

3. What can natural law be understood as having?

4. What can the ultimate rule of recognition be recognized from?

5. What do moral offense seems to be?

(see the answer keys)

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