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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What are the ultimate rules?
(a) Customs that make it into laws.
(b) Moral based laws.
(c) Internal Statement.
(d) The final test of validity.

2. What does Hart say is connected to the idea of justice?
(a) Equality for all.
(b) Good judges.
(c) Harsh punishments.
(d) Social good.

3. What are some skeptical of?
(a) People being bound by law.
(b) Rich people being bound by law.
(c) Large enterprises being bound by law.
(d) Nations being bound by law.

4. What is sometime given too much room to judges?
(a) Discretion.
(b) Rules.
(c) Freedom.
(d) Time.

5. What standard do we have by which to judge the law?
(a) Looking at crime statistics.
(b) Observing natural facts.
(c) Conducting suveys.
(d) Observing judge.

6. What make the conduct obligatory?
(a) The law.
(b) Fear of repression.
(c) Peer pressure.
(d) Some moral rules.

7. What do moral offense seems to be?
(a) Short.
(b) Voluntary.
(c) Unvoluntary.
(d) Rare.

8. When may a society acquire a system of supremacy of rules?
(a) When the society is democratic.
(b) Then the society has primary rules.
(c) When it acquires secondary rules.
(d) When he abandon customs based law.

9. What does International law threatens according to Chapter 10?
(a) National independence.
(b) Local judges.
(c) Smaller countries.
(d) The account of law previously developed.

10. What do not apply to the ultimate rules?
(a) External statements.
(b) Internal statements.
(c) Questions of validity.
(d) Interpretation.

11. What do those insisting on the connection between law and morality differ on, according to Chapter 8?
(a) How strong the connection is.
(b) What the connection is.
(c) When was the first moral law was converted.
(d) How long the connections last.

12. What do justice largely concern itself with?
(a) How classes of individuals are treated.
(b) How to punish individuals.
(c) How to control individuals
(d) How individual obey.

13. What does precedent focus on?
(a) Minimal classes.
(b) Maximal classes.
(c) Class term.
(d) Communities.

14. What does International law lack?
(a) A common tribunal.
(b) Legislature and compulsory jurisdiction.
(c) Custom laws.
(d) Morale law.

15. When does the second question arisen by Hart's theory appear?
(a) When we analyze the idea that a legal system can be said not to exist.
(b) When we analyze the idea that acustom can be said to exist.
(c) When we analyze the idea that a custom can not be said to exist.
(d) When we analyze the idea that a legal system can be said to exist.

Short Answer Questions

1. How many connections between morality and law does Hart discuss?

2. What do legislation focus on?

3. What is the risk of making someone authoritative?

4. What is is caught between the poles of excessive formalism and excessive rule-skepticism?

5. When do moral rules and legal rules usually apply to people?

(see the answer keys)

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