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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does Hart cite counterexamples of concerning international obligations?
(a) That they cannot exist save voluntary agreement.
(b) They cannot exist without a nation at its head.
(c) That they cannot exist without international judges.
(d) They cannot exist without a judge that understand international

2. What is sometime given too much room to judges?
(a) Discretion.
(b) Freedom.
(c) Rules.
(d) Time.

3. What do statements of internal aspect presuppose the truth of?
(a) Simple statements.
(b) External statements.
(c) Multiple statement.
(d) Internal statements.

4. What are some skeptical of?
(a) Nations being bound by law.
(b) Large enterprises being bound by law.
(c) People being bound by law.
(d) Rich people being bound by law.

5. What is is caught between the poles of excessive formalism and excessive rule-skepticism?
(a) Judges.
(b) Moral rules.
(c) Custom.
(d) Legal theory.

6. What do natural laws assume men have a limited amount of?
(a) Altruism.
(b) Love.
(c) Integrity.
(d) Understanding.

7. How many parts dose the idea of justice have?
(a) 3.
(b) 5.
(c) 4.
(d) 2.

8. What do justice largely concern itself with?
(a) How to control individuals
(b) How classes of individuals are treated.
(c) How individual obey.
(d) How to punish individuals.

9. What do some see morality as doing?
(a) Render laws unjust.
(b) Make people the enforcers.
(c) Ensure no resistance to the law.
(d) Render law just.

10. What are not always Rules of recognition?
(a) Customs.
(b) Morale.
(c) Laws.
(d) External statements.

11. What does Hart wonder about international law?
(a) Is it applicable.
(b) If it is doomed to fail.
(c) If it is necessary.
(d) It is law at all.

12. What do judges do when they state that a law is valid?
(a) They make a multiple statement.
(b) The make a simple statement.
(c) They make an internal statement.
(d) The make an external statement.

13. What does precedent focus on?
(a) Maximal classes.
(b) Communities.
(c) Class term.
(d) Minimal classes.

14. How is the legal standards impose when some are helpless victims of the law?
(a) By bribes.
(b) By social pressure.
(c) By force or the threat of it.
(d) By morale pressure.

15. What type of rules does international law lack?
(a) Rules of legislature.
(b) Enforcement rules.
(c) Rules of recognition.
(d) Primary rules.

Short Answer Questions

1. What can't interpretation of the authoritative quality of the general rules do?

2. What make the conduct obligatory?

3. What happens when secondary rules are accepted, according to Chapter 6?

4. When may a society acquire a system of supremacy of rules?

5. What does Hart oppose to legal rules?

(see the answer keys)

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