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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What did the “Own Your Own Home” campaign offer whites the ability to leave behind them?
(a) Political powerlessness.
(b) Poverty.
(c) Racial strife.
(d) History.

2. Of the 26 projects the PWA built in the northeast and Midwest in the 1930s, how many were internally integrated?
(a) 0.
(b) 4.
(c) 1.
(d) 2.

3. Where did U.S. housing policy leave many African-American families living?
(a) In the suburbs.
(b) Scattered throughout the exurbs.
(c) In the country.
(d) Slums.

4. What was the effect of the Hamburg massacre?
(a) The KKK was forced to withdraw from public.
(b) Blacks gained representation in government.
(c) Northern whites renewed oversight of the south.
(d) Blacks were kept out of government.

5. What is de jure segregation?
(a) White supremacist threats keeping races apart.
(b) Private decisions keeping races apart.
(c) Geographical features keeping races apart.
(d) Government policies keeping races apart.

6. What were the laws that limited blacks’ freedoms called in the South?
(a) Racially restrictive covenants.
(b) Jim Crow.
(c) Reign of Terror.
(d) Apartheid.

7. What does Rothstein say black families were unprepared to do as a consequence of purchasing from blockbusters?
(a) Life off one wage-earner.
(b) Afford maintenance.
(c) Buy second homes.
(d) Add additions to their homes.

8. What was demolished to make way for the first PWA development?
(a) An integrated neighborhood.
(b) A white slum.
(c) An airport.
(d) A shopping district.

9. What does Rothstein say about the quality of developments built without FHA backing?
(a) It was generally poorer.
(b) It was more likely to be locally sourced.
(c) It was more likely to be temporary.
(d) It was generally better.

10. What does Rothstein say binds Americans to solving the problem of housing segregation?
(a) Religious dictate.
(b) The Constitution.
(c) A moral obligation.
(d) International law.

11. When was the Fair Housing Act passed?
(a) 1918.
(b) 1957.
(c) 1985.
(d) 1968.

12. Why were blacks primarily prevented from buying houses?
(a) Because communities refused to admit them.
(b) Because they could not afford them.
(c) Because private developers refused to sell to them.
(d) Because the government would not back mortgages for their homes.

13. What does Rothstein say the Department of Housing and Urban Development do when the Supreme Court delivered a 1971 decision that said they had to construct projects in predominantly-white neighborhoods?
(a) Stopped building projects.
(b) Changed the names of their developments to provide a sheen of integration.
(c) Built more segregated projects in defiance of the Supreme Court.
(d) Built integrated projects.

14. What caused northern troops to withdraw from the South after 1877?
(a) Guerilla warfare.
(b) Expiration of a treaty period.
(c) Presidential election.
(d) Demonstrable improvements in integration.

15. What does Rothstein say was the evidence the FHA used to back up the claim that African Americans in a white neighborhood would decrease property value and therefore increase losses?
(a) Generalizations about the purity of races.
(b) There was no hard evidence.
(c) Anecdotes from homeowners in Kentucky.
(d) Years of property value data.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Rothstein say the federal government’s role was in segregation after Reconstruction?

2. What does Rothstein say the Supreme Court decided about housing and discrimination in 1883?

3. Who does Rothstein say led the movement to develop zoning ordinances in every municipality to separate the races?

4. What does Rothstein say was behind the fear of property values falling?

5. Where did Leroy Mereday make a career for himself?

(see the answer keys)

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